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Cancer Cell Death-Inducing Radiotherapy: Impact on Local Tumour Control, Tumour Cell Proliferation and Induction of Systemic Anti-tumour Immunity

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Apoptosis in Cancer Pathogenesis and Anti-cancer Therapy

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 930))

Abstract

Radiotherapy (RT) predominantly is aimed to induce DNA damage in tumour cells that results in reduction of their clonogenicity and finally in tumour cell death. Adaptation of RT with higher single doses has become necessary and led to a more detailed view on what kind of tumour cell death is induced and which immunological consequences result from it. RT is capable of rendering tumour cells immunogenic by modifying the tumour cell phenotype and the microenvironment. Danger signals are released as well as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. This results in maturation of dendritic cells and priming of cytotoxic T cells as well as in activation of natural killer cells. However, RT on the other hand can also result in immune suppressive events including apoptosis induction and foster tumour cell proliferation. That’s why RT is nowadays increasingly combined with selected immunotherapies.

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Acknowledgments

This work is in part funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; m4 Cluster, 16EX1021R and GREWIS, 02NUK017G) and the European Commission (DoReMi, European Atomic Energy Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2011) under grant agreement no. 249689).

Conflict of Interest Statement

All authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 27, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Benjamin Frey, Anja Derer, Rainer Fietkau & Udo S. Gaipl

  2. Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Heike Scheithauer

  3. Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    Roland Wunderlich

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  1. Benjamin Frey
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  2. Anja Derer
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  6. Udo S. Gaipl
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Correspondence to Udo S. Gaipl .

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  1. MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Christopher D. Gregory

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Frey, B., Derer, A., Scheithauer, H., Wunderlich, R., Fietkau, R., Gaipl, U.S. (2016). Cancer Cell Death-Inducing Radiotherapy: Impact on Local Tumour Control, Tumour Cell Proliferation and Induction of Systemic Anti-tumour Immunity. In: Gregory, C. (eds) Apoptosis in Cancer Pathogenesis and Anti-cancer Therapy. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 930. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39406-0_7

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