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Suberin as an Extra Barrier to Grass Digestibility: a Closer Look to Sugarcane Forage

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Abstract

Suberin is a lipid-phenolic biopolymer present in the cell walls of specialized plant cell types. Due to its insolubility and impermeability, suberin forms an important barrier to the transport of water, ions and gases in certain plant tissues, such as the root endodermis, the periderm and the bundle sheath of C4 plants. In sugarcane forage, supplied in tropical countries as complement to animal livestock, the cell walls of most tissues that build up the stem are progressively suberized. Suberin biochemical features and significant content in the stem make this biopolymer an extra factor influencing sugarcane biomass recalcitrance, decreasing digestibility. Here, we summarize the latest data on the biosynthesis, transport and deposition of suberin in plants, with a special focus on sugarcane forage, and discuss how this biopolymer affects biomass digestibility.

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Abbreviations

ASFT:

Aliphatic suberin feruloyl transferase

C4H:

cinnamate 4-hydroxylase

CoA:

Coenzyme A

COMT:

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase

CYP:

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase

DM:

Dry matter

FAR:

Fatty acyl-CoA reductase

FACT:

Fatty alcohol:caffeoyl-CoA transferase

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

F5H:

Ferulate 5-hydroxylase

GPAT:

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase

G:

Guaiacyl

H:

p-hydroxyphenyl

IVDMD:

in vitro dry matter disappearance ()

KCS:

β-ketoacetyl-CoA synthase

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

NADP-ME:

NADP-malic enzyme

NDF:

Neutral detergent fiber

S:

Syringyl

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

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Acknowledgments

RF would like to thank the Foundation for Research of the State of São Paulo for a post-doctoral fellowship (Fapesp grant 2015/05437-3); IC would like to thank FAPESP for the Young Investigators Awards research fellowship (grant 2015/02527-1); and PM would like to thank the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq – Brazil) for a research fellowship. Marvin was used for drawing the chemical structures shown in Fig. 1, Marvin 15.3.30 (version number), 2015, ChemAxon (http://www.chemaxon.com). The authors would like to thank the Writing Department – University General Coordinator – UNICAMP – for the language services provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, CP 6109, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil

    Raquel Figueiredo & Paulo Mazzafera

  2. Department of Botany, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil

    Igor Cesarino

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  1. Raquel Figueiredo
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  2. Igor Cesarino
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Correspondence to Paulo Mazzafera.

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Communicated by: Paulo Arruda

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Figueiredo, R., Cesarino, I. & Mazzafera, P. Suberin as an Extra Barrier to Grass Digestibility: a Closer Look to Sugarcane Forage. Tropical Plant Biol. 9, 96–108 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12042-016-9166-3

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