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Structure and electrical properties in CuO-modified BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

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Abstract

Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3-x wt% CuO (BCZT-xCu) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were designed and synthesized using a traditional solid-state reaction method to improve both the relaxor behavior and the electrical properties of BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. The Cu2+ diffuses into the BCZT lattice and forms ABO3 perovskite solid solution. Additionally, X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra reveal that the introduction of CuO causes phase transition from the O-T phase coexistence to the O phase in BCZT-xCu. SEM displays that BCZT-xCu has a well microstructure at CuO doping amount between 0.5 wt% and 1 wt%. With the increasing CuO content, the orthorhombic-tetragonal (TO-T) phase transition shifted towards higher temperature, while Curie temperature (Tc) shifted towards lower temperature. Moreover, the dielectric diffusivity γ increases from 1.63 to 1.92 as x increases. Results indicate that optimal electrical properties, namely d33 = 315 pC/N, kp = 34%, εr = 3213, tanδ = 2.71%, Pr = 7.45 µC/cm2 and Ec = 2.75 kV/cm are achieved in the 1 wt% CuO added ceramic sintered at 1250°C for 2 h.

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The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC1907103-04), Funding for school-level research projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology (No. xj201528, xjr2021016), General Program of Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (No. 16KJB430030) and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Yancheng Institute of Technology (SJCX22_XZ001).

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  1. Jianzhou Du and Long Qiu contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, P.R. China

    Jianzhou Du, Long Qiu, Cong Yang & Luming Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P.R. China

    Jianzhou Du, Hongjuan Zheng & Kongjun Zhu

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  1. Jianzhou Du
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  2. Long Qiu
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  3. Cong Yang
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Correspondence to Jianzhou Du or Kongjun Zhu.

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Du, J., Qiu, L., Yang, C. et al. Structure and electrical properties in CuO-modified BCZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Electroceram 49, 125–134 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-022-00298-3

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