Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterization of chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Chlamydomonas reinhardi by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

  • Published:
Molecular and General Genetics MGG Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Proteins from chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomes of Chlamydomonas reinhardi were mapped by a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system which also permitted their molecular weights to be determined. Estimates of the numbers of proteins in the ribosomal subunits are: small chloroplast, 22; small cytoplasmic, 26; large chloroplast, 26; large cytoplasmic, 39. Two pairs of proteins of the small subunits and four pairs of the large subunits had similar electrophoretic mobilities in both dimensions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arglebe, C., Hall, T. C.: Extraction and comparison of bean cytoplasmic and chloroplast ribosomes. Plant Cell Physiol. 10, 171–182 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Banker, G. A., Cotman, C. W.: Measurement of free electrophoretic mobility and retardation coefficient of protein-sodium dodecyl sulfate complexes by gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem. 247, 5856–5861 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Behn, W., Arnold, C. G.: Localization of extranuclear genes by investigations of the ultrastructure in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Arch. Mikrobiol. 92, 85–90 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bickle, T. A., Traut, R. R.: Differences in size and number of 80s and 70s ribosomal proteins by dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem. 246, 6828–6834 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biswas, S., Mandel, R. K., Biswas, B. B.: Ribosomal proteins and ribonucleic acids from chloroplasts. Exp. Cell Res. 54, 129–132 (1969)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boschetti, A., Bogdanov, S.: Different effects of streptomycin on the ribosomes from sensitive and resistant mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Europ. J. Biochem. 35, 482–488 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bourque, D. P., Boynton, J. E., Gillham, N. W.: Studies on the structure and cellular location of various ribosome and ribosomal RNA species in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardi. J. Cell Sci. 8, 153–183 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bourque, D. P., Wildman, S. G.: Evidence that nuclear genes code for several chloroplast ribosomal properties. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 50, 532–537 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boynton, J. E., Burton, W. G., Gillham, N. W., Harris, E. H.: Can a non-Mendelian mutation affect both chloroplast and mitochondrial ribosomes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci.(Wash.) 70, 3463–3467 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boynton, J. E., Gillham, N. W., Burkholder, B.: Mutations altering chloroplast ribosome phenotype in Chlamydomonas. II. A new Mendelian mutation. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 67, 1505–1512 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boynton, J. E., Gillham, N. W., Chabot, J. F.: Chloroplast ribosome deficient mutants in the green alga Chalmydomonas reinhardii and the question of chloroplast ribosome function. J. Cell Sci. 10, 267–305 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burton, W. G.: Dihydrospectinomycin binding to chloroplast ribosomes from antibiotic-sensitive and resistant strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 272, 305–311 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, S. K., Kazemie, M., Matthaei, H.: Studies on rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes. II. Separation of the ribosomal proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 354, 481–486 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, J. N., Hanson, M. R., Bogorad, L.: An altered chloroplast ribosomal protein in ery-M1 mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Molec. gen. Genet. 132, 119–129 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J., Nomura, M.: The genetics of bacterial ribosomes. Ann. Rev. Genet. 6, 203–234 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dzionara, M., Kaltschmidt, E., Wittmann, H. G.: Ribosomal proteins. XIII. Molecular weights of isolated ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 67, 1909–1913 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flaks, J. G., Leboy, P. S., Birge, E. H., Kurland, C. G.: Mutation and genetics concerned with the ribosome. Cold Spr. Harb. Symp. quant. Biol. 31, 623–631 (1966)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ford, P. J.: The proteins of Xenopus ovary ribosomes. Biochem. J. 125, 1091–1107 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Garrett, R. A., Wittmann, H.-G.: Structure of bacterial ribosomes. Advanc. Protein Chem. 27, 277–347 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillham, N. W., Boynton, J. E., Burkholder, B.: Mutations altering chloroplast ribosome phenotype in Chlamydomonas. I. Non-Mendelian mutations. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 67, 1026–1033 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gualerzi, C., Cammarano, P.: Species specificity of ribosomal proteins from chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomes of higher plants. Electrophoretic studies. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 199, 203–213 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoober, J. K., Blobel, G.: Characterization of the chloroplastic and cytoplasmic ribosomes of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. J. molec. Biol. 41, 121–138 (1969)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huynh-Van-Tan, Delaunay, J., Schapira, G.: Eukaryotic ribosomal proteins. Two-dimensional electrophoretic studies. FEBS Letters 17, 163–167 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Janda, H. G., Wittmann, H.-G.: Ribosomal proteins. V. Comparison of protein patterns of 70s and 80s ribosomes from various plants by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Molec. gen. Genet. 103, 238–248 (1968)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B. L., Nagabhushan, N., Gulyas, A., Zalik, S.: Two-dimensional acrylamide gel electrophoresis of wheat leaf cytoplasmic and chloroplast ribosomal proteins. FEBS Letters 23, 167–170 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaltschmidt, E., Wittmann, H.-G.: Ribosomal proteins. XII. Number of proteins in small and large ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli as determined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 67, 1276–1282 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kazemie, M., Chatterjee, S. K., Matthaei, H.: Studieson rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes. I. Preparation and characterization of ribosomal subunits. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 354, 471–480 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • King, H. W. S., Gould, H. J., Shearman, J. J.: Molecular weight distribution of proteins in rabbit reticulocyte ribosomal subunits. J. molec. Biol. 61, 146–156 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazardi, P. M., Luck, D. J.: The intracellular site of synthesis of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins in Neurospora crassa. J. Cell Biol. 54, 56–74 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyttleton, J. W.: Protein constituents of plant ribosomes. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 154, 145–149 (1968)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martini, O. H. W., Gould, H. J.: Enumeration of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomal proteins. J. molec. Biol. 62, 403–405 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mets, L., Bogorad, L.: Altered chloroplast ribosomal proteins associated with erythromycinresistant mutants in two genetic systems of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 69, 3779–3783 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mets, L. J., Bogorad, L.: Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels of multiple samples. Analyt. Biochem. 57, 200–210 (1974)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neville, D. M., Jr.: Molecular weight determination of protein dodecyl sulfate complexes by gel electrophoresis in a discontinuous buffer system. J. biol. Chem. 246, 6328–6334 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nomura, M.: Bacterial ribosome, Bact. Rev. 34, 228–277 (1970)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Odintova, M. S., Yurina, N. P.: Proteins of chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomes. J. molec. Biol. 40, 503–506 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohad, I., Siekevitz, P., Palade, G. E.: Biogenesis of chloroplast membranes. I. Plastid differentiation in a dark-grown algal mutant (Chlamydomonas reinhardi). J. Cell Biol. 35, 521–552 (1967)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Peeters, B., Vanduffel, L., Depuydt, A., Rombants, W.: The number and size of the proteins in the subunits of human placental ribosomes. FEBS Letters 36, 217–221 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, H., Cox, R. A.: Proteins from biologically active ribosomal subparticles of Xenopus laevis. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 310, 188–204 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, A.: Ribosomal proteins in rapidly growing and non-proliferating mouse cells. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 294, 292–296 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sager, R.: Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance of streptomycin resistance in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 40, 356–373 (1954)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schlanger, G., Sager, R., Ramanis, Z.: Mutation of a cytoplasmic gene in Chlamydomonas alters chloroplast ribosome function. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 69, 3551–3555 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherton, C. C., Wool, I. G.: Determination of the number of proteins in liver ribosomes and ribosomal subunits by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem. 247, 4460–4467 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stöffler, G., Wittmann, H. G.: Sequence differences of Escherichia coli 30s ribosomal proteins as determined by immunochemical methods. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 68, 2283–2287 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strøm, A. R., Visentin, L. P.: Acidic ribosomal proteins from the extreme halophilic, Halobacterium cutirubrum. FEBS Letters 37, 274–280 (1973)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Surzycki, S. J., Gillham, N. W.: Organelle mutations and their expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 68, 1301–1306 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, H.: Gel electrophoresis of ribosomal components from seeds of Pisum sativum L. Exp. Cell Res. 77, 298–302 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsurugi, K., Morita, T., Ogata, K.: Identification and metabolic relationship between proteins of nucleolar 60-S particles and of ribosomal large subunits of rat liver by means of twodimensional disc electrophoresis. Europ. J. Biochem. 32, 555–562 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vasconcelos, A. C. L., Bogorad, L.: Proteins of cytoplasmic, chloroplast, and mitochondrial ribosomes of some plants. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 228, 492–502 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Voynow, P., Kurland, C. G.: The ribosomal proteins of E. coli. III. Stoichiometry of the 30S ribosomal proteins. Biochemistry (Wash.) 10, 517–524 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warner, J. R.: The assembly of ribosomes in yeast. J. biol. Chem. 246, 447–454 (1971)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weber, H. J.: Stoichiometric measurements of 30S and 50S ribosomal proteins from Escherichia coli. Molec. gen. Genet. 119, 233–248 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weber, K., Osborn, M.: The reliability of molecular weight determinations by dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J. biol. Chem. 244, 4406–4412 (1969)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welfle, H., Stahl, J., Bielka, H.: Studies on proteins of animal ribosomes. XIII. Enumeration of ribosomal proteins of rat liver. FEBS Letters 26, 228–232 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

    Maureen R. Hanson,  Jeffrey N. Davidson,  Laurens J. Mets &  Lawrence Bogorad

  2. National Institutes of Health, Buiding 6, Room 107, 20014, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.

    Laurens J. Mets

Authors
  1. Maureen R. Hanson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jeffrey N. Davidson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Laurens J. Mets
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lawrence Bogorad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Communicated by H. G. Wittmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hanson, M.R., Davidson, J.N., Mets, L.J. et al. Characterization of chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins of Chlamydomonas reinhardi by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Molec. Gen. Genet. 132, 105–118 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00272176

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00272176

Keywords

Search

Navigation