Abstract
Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in ∼26–34 nm of nanocrystalline Fe-doped NiO powders synthesized by a simple direct thermal decomposition method. The undoped and Fe-doped NiO samples were thoroughly characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXs), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The magnetic properties of the prepared samples were determined using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The pure NiO sample exhibits antiferromagnetic behavior, whereas all the Fe-doped samples are ferromagnetic having the specific magnetizations of ∼0.033–0.102 emu/g at 10 kOe. Our results indicate that the ferromagnetic property is intrinsic to the Fe-doped NiO system and is not a result of any secondary magnetic phase or cluster formation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. Ohno, Science 281, 951 (1998).
G. A. Prinz, Science 282, 1660 (1998).
S. A. Wolf, D. D. Awschalom, R. A. Buhrman, J. M. Daughton, S. V. Molnár, M. L. Roukes, A. Y. Chtchelkanova, and D. M. Treger, Science 294, 1488 (2001).
S. J. Pearton, C. R. Abernathy, D. P. Norton, A. F. Hebard, Y. D. Park, L. A. Boatner, and J. D. Budai, Matter. Sci. Eng. R 40, 137 (2003).
S. D. Sarma, Am. Sci. 89, 516 (2001).
H. Ohno, A. Shen, F. Matsukura, A. Oiwa, A. Endo, S. Katsumoto, and Y. Iye, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 363 (1996).
J. K. Furdyna and J. Kossut, DMSs Semiconductor and Semimetals. Vol. 25, Academic Press, New York (1998).
W. Prellier, A. Fouchet, and B. Mercey, J. Phys. Condens. Matter. 15, R1583 (2003).
S. J. Pearton, W. H. Heo, M. Ivill, D. P. Norton, and T. Steiner, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 19, R59 (2004).
J. M. D. Coey, Curr. Opin. Solid Sate Mater. Sci. 10, 83 (2006).
S. Maensiri, S. Phokha, P. Laokul, and S. Seraphin, J. Nanosci. Nanotech. 9, 6415 (2009).
JCPDS Card No. 78-0429, International Centre for Diffraction Data.
A. J. Bosman and C. Crevecoeur, Phys. Rev. 144, 763 (1966).
L. C. Bartel and B. Morosin, Phys. Rev. B. 3, 1039 (1971).
R. H. Kodama, S. A. Makhlouf, and A. E. Berkowitz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1393 (1997).
L. Li, L. Chen, R. Qihe, and G. Li, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 134102 (2006).
J. F. Wang, J. N. Cai, Y. H. Lin, and C. W. Nan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 202501 (2005).
Y. H. Lin, J. Wang, J. Cai, M. Ying, R. Zhao, M. Li, and C. W. Nan, Phys. Rev. B. 73, 193308 (2006).
J. H. He, S. L. Yuan, Z. M. Tian, Y. S. Yin, P. Li, Y. Q. Wang, K. L. Liu, S. J. Yuan, X. L. Wang, and L. Liu, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 3293 (2008).
J. H. He, S. L. Yuan, Y. S. Yin, Z. M. Tian, P. Li, Y. Q. Wang, K. L. Liu, and C. H. Wang, J. Appl. Phys. 103, 023906 (2008).
S. Manna, A. K. Deb, J. Jagannath, and S. K. De, J. Phys. Chem. 112, 10659 (2008).
J. Khemprasit, S. Kaen-ngam, B. Khumpaitool, and P. Kamkhou, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2408 (2011).
B. D. Cullity and S. R. Stock, Elements of X-ray Diffraction, p. 99, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, New York, USA (2001).
M. Georgea, A. Mary John, S. S. Naira, P. A. Joy, and M. R. Anantharaman, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 302, 190 (2006).
K. Sato and H. Katayama-Yoshida, J. Japan, Appl. Phys. 39, L555 (2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Noipa, K., Labuayai, S., Swatsitang, E. et al. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in nanocrystalline Fe-doped NiO powders synthesized by a simple direct thermal decomposition method. Electron. Mater. Lett. 10, 147–152 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13391-013-2132-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13391-013-2132-4