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Emerging WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites: synthesis and electrochemical energy storage applications

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Abstract

In recent years, tungsten disulfide (WS2) and tungsten selenide (WSe2) have emerged as favorable electrode materials because of their high theoretical capacity, large interlayer spacing, and high chemical activity; nevertheless, they have relatively low electronic conductivity and undergo large volume expansion during cycling, which greatly hinder them in practical applications. These drawbacks are addressed by combining a superior type of carbon material, graphene, with WS2 and WSe2 to form a WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites. These materials have received considerable attention in electro-chemical energy storage applications such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), and supercapacitors. Considering the rapidly growing research enthusiasm on this topic over the past several years, here the recent progress of WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites in electrochemical energy storage applications is summarized. Furthermore, various methods for the synthesis of WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites are reported and the relationships among these methods, nano/microstructures, and electrochemical performance are systematically summarized and discussed. In addition, the challenges and prospects for the future study and application of WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites in electrochemical energy storage applications are proposed.

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摘要

近年来, 二硫化钨 (WS2) 和二硒化钨 (WSe2) 因其理论容量高、层间间距大、化学活性高等特点成为很有前景的电极材料; 然而, 它们的电子导电性相对较低, 并且在循环过程中会经历较大的体积膨胀, 这极大地阻碍了它们的实际应用。通过将新兴的碳材料石墨烯与WS2和WSe2相结合以形成WS2/WSe2@graphene纳米复合材料可以有效解决上述问题。这些材料在锂离子电池、钠离子电池和超级电容器等电化学储能应用中受到了极大的关注。本文总结了近年来WS2/WSe2@graphene纳米复合材料在电化学储能应用中的最新研究进展。此外, 本文还概述了WS2/WSe2@graphene纳米复合材料的合成方法, 并且系统地总结和讨论了这些方法、材料的纳米/微观结构和其电化学性能之间的关系。此外, 本文还提出了若干WS2/WSe2@graphene纳米复合材料未来在电化学储能研究和应用中的将会面临的挑战及展望。

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [14]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. c Schematic diagram of preparation of RGO/WS2 composite. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [59]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. d Schematic diagram of fabrication procedure and crystalline features of WS2@Gs composite; e SEM image of WS2@Gs composite. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [51]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. f Schematic illustration of procedure of formation of 3D WS2-RGO microsphere; g field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image of WS2-3D RGO obtained by a sulfurization temperature of 400 °C. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [62]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 3

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [53]. Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society

Fig. 4

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [8]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry. c Schematic diagram of synthetic processes of NG@WS2@Hs-RGO composite; d cycling performances of NG@WS2@Hs-RGO anode at a 1000 mA·g−1. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [77]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier

Fig. 5

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [86]. Copyright 2014, Royal Society of Chemistry. c Schematic illustration showing preparation of WS2/RGO Nano-HC; d cycling performance of WS2 nanowire microporous spheres (WS2 Nano-MS) and WS2/RGO Nano-HC at 100 mA·g−1. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [7]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier

Fig. 6

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [85]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier. g Schematic illustration of electrostatic spray deposition approach to prepare 3D porous interconnected WS2/C nanocomposite; h rate performance of annealed 3D WS2/C nanocomposites for sodium storage. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [66]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 7

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [65]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. d Low-magnification SEM image of M-WGA nanocomposites; e CV curves at scan rate of 10 mV·s−1 for supercapacitors. f Rate capability at current density from 0.5 to 20.0 A·g−1. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [19]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. g SEM image of RGO/WS2 composite; h charge/discharge performance of rGO/WS2-S in the first activation cycle at 0.05C; i cyclic performance of RGO-S and RGO/WS2-S cathodes at 0.2C for lithium-sulfur batteries. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [59]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society

Fig. 8

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFB1713500), the Chinese 02 Special Fund (No. 2017ZX02408003), Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Refractories (No. SKLAR202210), the Opening Project of National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, & Henan Key Laboratory of High-temperature Structural and Functional Materials, Henan University of Science and Technology (No. HKDNM2019013), the Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province (No. 212102210219) the Student Research Training Plan of Henan University of Science and Technology (No. 2021035), and the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Henan Province (No. S202110464005).

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  1. National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Materials Science and Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China

    Yu-Meng Gao, Yong Liu, Kai-Jia Feng, Jun-Qing Ma, Ying-Jie Miao, Kun-Ming Pan, Guang-Xin Wang & Ke-Ke Zhang

  2. Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-Ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Henan Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Structural and Functional Materials, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China

    Yu-Meng Gao, Yong Liu & Kun-Ming Pan

  3. School of Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China

    Bin-Rui Xu

  4. Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushima-Nake, Okayama-Shi, 700-8530, Japan

    Osaka Akiyoshi

  5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Qiao-Bao Zhang

  6. Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Qiao-Bao Zhang

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  1. Yu-Meng Gao
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Gao, YM., Liu, Y., Feng, KJ. et al. Emerging WS2/WSe2@graphene nanocomposites: synthesis and electrochemical energy storage applications. Rare Met. 43, 1–19 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02424-8

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