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Rhamnolipids Production by Multi-metal-Resistant and Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

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Abstract

The biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa A11, with plant-growth-promoting (PGP) and multi-metal-resistant (MMR) features was isolated from the rhizosphere of a wild plant Parthenium hysterophorus. The strain A11 was able to utilize glycerol as a carbon source and produce 4,436.9 mg/L of biosurfactant after 120 h of incubation. The biosurfactants was characterized as rhamnolipids (RLs) by thin layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Eight different RLs congeners were detected with RhaRhaC10C10 being most abundant. The purified rhamnolipid, dirhamnolipid, and monorhamnolipid reduced the surface tension of water to 29, 36, and 42 mN/m with critical micelle concentration of 83, 125, and 150 mg/L, respectively. The strain A11 demonstrated resistance against all the metals detected in rhizosphere except Hg and Ni. The strain A11 also possessed plant-growth-promoting features like siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, catalase, ammonia production, and phosphate solubilization. The dirhamnolipids formed crystals upon incubation at 4 °C, thus making separation of dirhamnolipids easy. Biosurfactant-producing ability along with MMR and PGP traits of the strain A11 makes it a potential candidate for application in the bacterial assisted enhancement of phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated sites.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Director, IMTECH for providing the facilities for this work. AKS is thankful to UGC for his fellowship.

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  1. Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39 A, Chandigarh, 160036, India

    Anil Kumar Singh & Swaranjit Singh Cameotra

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  1. Anil Kumar Singh
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  2. Swaranjit Singh Cameotra
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Correspondence to Swaranjit Singh Cameotra.

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Singh, A.K., Cameotra, S.S. Rhamnolipids Production by Multi-metal-Resistant and Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 170, 1038–1056 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0244-9

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