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Simultaneous Dephenolization and Decolorization of Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Oil Palm Fiber-Immobilized Trametes Hirsuta Strain AK 04

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Abstract

The phenolics and high organic content present in palm oil mill effluent are the major contributors to its dark brown color, toxicity, and antimicrobial properties. In this study, ten white rot fungi were screened for their potential in the dephenolization and decolorization of treated palm oil mill effluent (TPOME) in solid and liquid state cultures. Among them, Trametes hirsuta strain AK 04 was found to be more tolerant to high TPOME concentrations and showed the highest phenolics and color removal activities. This strain was immobilized onto oil palm fibers (OPFs) and appeared more resistant to inhibitory compounds such as phenolics in TPOME than the free cell culture. The OPF-immobilized fungus was able to effectively remove phenolics and color of TPOME without effluent dilution and addition of nutrients. The activities of laccase and manganese peroxidase were found during dephenolization and decolorization processes. Moreover, the degradation rate of immobilized fungus could be accelerated by pretreatment of phenolics with phenol-degrading bacteria. This method improved the fungal dephenolization and decolorization simultaneously up to 82.2 ± 3.8 % and 87.1 ± 1.1 % after 8 days of incubation. Therefore, a two-stage biological process containing phenol-degrading bacteria and OPF-immobilized fungus could be a feasible and economical method for simultaneous improvement of dephenolization and decolorization of TPOME.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Thailand Research Fund through the new scholar grant (contract no. MRG5480087) and the Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University. We are grateful to Asst. Prof. Dr. Ekawan Luepromchai (Chulalongkorn University, Thailand) who has kindly provided us with the bacterial strains for this research. We would also like to thank the Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University and the Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM) at Prince of Songkla University for providing laboratory space and instruments.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

The authors declare that they have no competing of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Anukool Kietkwanboot & Oramas Suttinun

  2. Schools of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City International University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam

    Hanh Thi My Tran

  3. Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Oramas Suttinun

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  1. Anukool Kietkwanboot
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  2. Hanh Thi My Tran
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  3. Oramas Suttinun
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Correspondence to Oramas Suttinun.

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Kietkwanboot, A., Tran, H.T.M. & Suttinun, O. Simultaneous Dephenolization and Decolorization of Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Oil Palm Fiber-Immobilized Trametes Hirsuta Strain AK 04. Water Air Soil Pollut 226, 345 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2599-8

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