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Physiological and molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance

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Abstract

Salt tolerance is an important economic trait for crops growing in both irrigated fields and marginal lands. The plant kingdom contains plant species that possess highly distinctive capacities for salt tolerance as a result of evolutionary adaptation to their environments. Yet, the cellular mechanisms contributing to salt tolerance seem to be conserved to some extent in plants although some highly salt-tolerant plants have unique structures that can actively excrete salts. In this review, we begin by summarizing the research in Arabidopsis with a focus on the findings of three membrane transporters that are important for salt tolerance: SOS1, AtHKT1, and AtNHX1. We then review the recent studies in salt tolerance in crops and halophytes. Molecular and physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants revealed by the studies in the model plant, crops, and halophytes are emphasized. Utilization of the Na+ transporters to improve salt tolerance in plants is also summarized. Perspectives are provided at the end of this review.

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Acknowledgments

Research work in Dr. Huazhong Shi’s laboratory was funded by the US Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative project 2007-35100-18378 and that in Dr. Jin-Lin Zhang’s by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 31172256, 31170431 and 31222053) and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents, Ministry of Education, China (grant No. NCET-11-0217). We thank Mr. Rui Shi for his language editing for this manuscript.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Jin-Lin Zhang

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Chemical Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA

    Huazhong Shi

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  1. Jin-Lin Zhang
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Correspondence to Huazhong Shi.

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Zhang, JL., Shi, H. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance. Photosynth Res 115, 1–22 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-013-9813-6

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