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Novel Merger of spectroscopy and refractive index sensing for modelling hyper sensitive hexa-slotted plasmonic sensor for transformer oil monitoring in near-infrared region

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Abstract

This research presents a novel link between refractive index sensing and spectroscopy by designing a “photonic crystal fiber” based “refractive index (\(RI\))” sensor. The proposed sensor is based on the “surface plasmon resonance” phenomenon. The sensor monitors the transformer oil (\(To\)) moisture content as moisture depletes its quality. The change in the moisture content changes the \(RI\) of the transformer oil. Thus, the presented sensor can identify the minimal change in the \(RI\) of the \(To\). The sensor is designed to operate in the \(RI\) range of \(1.33-1.34 \mathrm{RIU}\), with a step size of \(0.002.\) Using the wavelength interrogation method, the proposed sensor’s wavelength sensitivity is 25,000 nm/RIU and 22,500 nm/RIU along X-polarization (X-pol.) and Y-polarization (Y-pol.), respectively. The amplitude interrogation technique is used to calculate the amplitude sensitivity obtained from the proposed sensor, which is \(17080 {\mathrm{RIU}}^{-1}\) and \(18690 {\mathrm{RIU}}^{-1}\) corresponding to X-pol. and -pol., respectively. The sensor resolution of the sensor is \(4.00\times {10}^{-6} \mathrm{RIU}\) and \(4.44\times {10}^{-6} \mathrm{RIU}\) corresponds to X-pol. and Y-pol., respectively. Full-width half maximum obtained from the proposed sensor is \(73 \mathrm{nm}\) and \(55 \mathrm{nm}\) for X- and Y-pol.\(,\) respectively. The figure of merit obtained from the presented sensor is \(342.46 {\mathrm{RIU}}^{-1}\) and \(409.09 {\mathrm{RIU}}^{-1}\) for \(X\)- and Y-pol., respectively. Thus, the prospective sensor can act as an ideal device for the quality assessment of \(To\).

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Acknowledgements

“The author's enormous thanks to all four anonymous reviewers and Editor-in-Chief for their comments, concerns, queries, and constructive suggestions. This R&D work is performed under All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE), National Doctoral Fellowship (NDF) for AICTE NDF RPS project sanctioned order no: File No.8-2/RIFD/RPS-NDF/Policy-1/ 2018-19 dated 13/03/2019”.

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  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, Punjab, India

    Amit Kumar Shakya & Surinder Singh

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  1. Amit Kumar Shakya
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AS: Simulation work, writing original draft and Editing; SS: Review & Editing, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Amit Kumar Shakya.

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Shakya, A.K., Singh, S. Novel Merger of spectroscopy and refractive index sensing for modelling hyper sensitive hexa-slotted plasmonic sensor for transformer oil monitoring in near-infrared region. Opt Quant Electron 55, 764 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05016-z

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