Skip to main content
Log in

Modified D-shaped SPR PCF polarization filter at telecommunication wavelengths

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A compact surface plasmon photonic crystal fiber (PCF) polarization filter is proposed and analyzed at the two communication windows of 1.3 and 1.52 µm. The y-polarized mode can be filtered out at wavelength of 1.3 µm while the x-polarized mode can be excluded at λ = 1.52 µm using the same design. The effects of the geometrical parameters of the PCF on the polarization filter performance are studied by full vectorial finite element method. The numerical simulations reveal that the suggested polarization filter with a compact device length of 23 µm can achieve good crosstalk (CT) of − 46.4 and − 41.2 dB at the communication wavelengths of 1.3 and 1.52 µm, respectively. Further, bandwidths of 45 nm and 110 nm can be obtained around λ = 1.3 µm and 1.52 µm, respectively where the CT is better than − 20 dB. Therefore, the reported design has advantages in terms of low crosstalk, large bandwidth, short device length and multi-functionality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barchiesi, D., Grosges, T.: Fitting the optical constants of gold, silver, chromium, titanium, and aluminum in the visible bandwidth. Nanophotonics 8(1), 083097 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JNP.8.083097

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baril, N.F., He, R., Day, T.D., Sparks, J.R., Keshavarzi, B., Krishnamurthi, M., Borhan, A., Gopalan, V., Peacock, A.C., Healy, N.: Confined high-pressure chemical deposition of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 19–22 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanc, W., Mauroy, V., Nguyen, L., Bhaktha, S., Sebbah, P., Pal, B.P., Dussardier, B.: Fabrication of rare earth-doped transparent glass ceramic optical fibers by modified chemical vapor deposition. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94, 2315–2318 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, W., Lou, S., Wang, L., Zou, H., Lu, W.: Switchable multi wavelength fiber ring laser using a side-leakage photonic crystal fiber based filter. Opt. Laser Technol. 44(3), 611–616 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, H., Li, S., Cheng, T.: Polarization splitter based on three-core photonic crystal fiber with rectangle lattice. J. Mod. Opt. 20, 1696–1701 (2014a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, H., Li, S., Fan, Z., An, G., Li, J., Han, Y.: A novel polarization splitter based on dual-core photonic crystal fiber with a liquid crystal modulation core. IEEE Photon. J. 4, 2201109 (2014b)

  • Chen, H., Li, S., Ma, M., Fan, Z., Wu, Y.: Ultrabroad bandwidth polarization filter based on D-shaped photonic crystal fibers with gold film. Plasmonics 10, 1239–1242 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y.Z., Xie, Q.L., Li, X.J., Zhou, H.S., Hong, X.M., Geng, Y.F.: Experimental realization of D-shaped photonic crystal fiber SPR sensor. J. Phys. D 50, 025101 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Falkenstein, P., Justus, B.L.: Fused array preform fabrication of holey optical fibers, 395US 8433167 B2 (2013)

  • Falkenstein, P., Merritt, C.D., Justus, B.L.: Fused preforms for the fabrication of photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Lett. 29, 1858–1860 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, Z.K., Li, S.G.: Broadband soft glass photonic crystal fiber polarization splitter. In: Lasers and Electro-optics Pacific Rim, 27P-18 (2016)

  • Fan, Z.K., Li, S.G., Chen, H.L., Liu, Q., Zhang, W., An, G.W., Li, J.S., Bao, Y.J.: Numerical analysis of polarization filter characteristics of d-shaped photonic crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance. Plasmonics 10(3), 676–680 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fano, U.: The theory of anomalous diffraction gratings and of quasi-stationary waves on metallic surfaces (Sommerfeld’s waves). J. Opt. Soc. 31(3), 213–222 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Feng, X., Du, H., Du, S., Gao, X.: A polarization filter based on photonic crystal fiber with symmetry around gold-coated holes. Plasmonics 13, 1271–1275 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-017-0630-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florous, N., Saitoh, K., Koshiba, M.: A novel approach for designing photonic crystal fiber splitters with polarization independent propagation characteristics. Opt. Express 13, 7365–7373 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuda, H., Yamada, K., Tsuchizawa, T., Watanabe, T., Shinojima, H.: Ultra small polarization splitter based on silicon wire waveguides. Opt. Express 14, 12401–12408 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Geng, P., Zhang, W., Gao, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, H., Ruan, J.: Orthogonal single-polarization single-core photonic crystal fiber for wavelength splitting. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 3042–3048 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guowen, A., Shuguang, L., Xuemen, Z.: High-birefringence photonic crystal fiber polarization filter based on surface plasmon resonance. Appl. Opt. 55(6), 1262–1266 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Obayya, S.S.A.: Analysis of polarization rotator based on nematic liquid crystal photonic crystal fiber. J. Lightwave Technol. 28(5), 806–815 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Obayya, S.S.A., Wiltshire, R.J.: Beam propagation analysis of polarization rotation in soft glass nematic liquid crystal photonic crystal fibers. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(3), 188–190 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Abdelrazzak, M., Obayya, S.S.A.: Novel design of ultra-compact triangular lattice silica photonic crystal polarization converter. J. Lightwave Technol. 31(1), 81–86 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Heikal, A.M., Younis, B.M., Abdel-razzak, M., Obayya, S.S.A.: Ultra high tunable liquid crystal plasmonic photonic crystal fiber polarization filter. Opt. Express 23(6), 7007–7020 (2015a)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Balat, R.T., Heikal, A.M., Abo-Elkhier, M.M., El Maaty, M.I.A., Obayya, S.S.A.: Polarization-independent surface plasmon liquid crystal photonic crystal multiplexer–demultiplexer. IEEE Photon. J. 7(5), 1–10 (2015b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Alrayk, Y.K.A., Obayya, S.S.A.: Self-calibration highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber biosensor. IEEE Photon. J. 8(3), 1–12 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hameed, M.F.O., Zaghloul, R., Azzam, S.I., Obayya, S.S.A.: Ultra short hybrid plasmonic transverse electric pass polarizer for siliconon-insulator platform. Opt. Eng. 56, 017107 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini, A., Rahimi, S., Xu, X., Kwong, D., Covey, J., Chen, R.T.: Ultra compact and fabrication-tolerant integrated polarization splitter. Opt. Lett. 36, 4047–4049 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunger, D., Deutsch, C., Barbour, R.J., Warburton, R.J., Reichel, J.: Laser micro-fabrication of concave, low-roughness features in silica. AIP Adv. 2, 012119-1–012119-6 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Koshiba, M., Tsuji, Y.: Curvilinear hybrid edge/nodal elements with triangular shape for guided-wave problems. IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 18(5), 737–743 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B.H., Eom, J.B., Kim, J.D., Moon, S., Paek, U.C.: Photonic crystal fiber coupler. Opt. Lett. 27(10), 812–814 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, M., Peng, L., Zhou, G., Li, B., Hou, Z., Xia, C.: Design of photonic crystal fiber filter with narrow width and single-polarization based on surface plasmon resonance. IEEE Photon. J. 9(3), 1–8 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liang, H., Liu, B., Hu, J.: An ultra-highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor based on D-shaped optical fiber with a silver-graphene layer. Optik 149, 149–154 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.09.045

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, J., Huang, T., Xiong, Z., Kuang, F., Xie, Y.: Design and analysis of an ultrahigh birefringent nonlinear spiral photonic crystal fiber with large negative flattened dispersion. Optik 135, 42–49 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, S., Mi, Q., Zhu, B.: Optical image encryption with multistage and multichannel fractional Fourier-domain filtering. Opt. Soc. Am. 26(16), 1242–1244 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Q., Li, S.G., Li, H.: Broadband single polarization photonic crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance for polarization filter. Plasmonics 10(4), 931–939 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, W.L., Lou, S.Q., Wang, X., Wang, L.W., Feng, R.J.: Ultra broadband polarization splitter based on three-core photonic crystal fibers. Appl. Opt. 52, 449–455 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, Y., Yang, X.C., Wang, M.T., Yao, J.Q.: Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on hollow-core PCFs filled with silver nanowires. Electron. Lett. 51, 1675–1677 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Obayya, S.S.A., Hameed, M.F.O., Areed, N.F.F.: Computational Liquid Crystal Photonics: Fundamentals: Modelling and Applications. Wiley, New York (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119041993

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Odoeze, J.A.H., Hameed, M.F.O., Shalaby, H.M.H., Obayya, S.S.A.: Si-core photonic crystal fiber transverse electric pass polarizer. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35(5), 980–986 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Quan, Z., Cui, S., Poor, H.V., Sayed, A.H.: Collaborative wide band sensing for cognitive radios. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 25(6), 60–73 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, P.: Photonic crystal fibers. Science 299(5605), 358–362 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Saitoh, K., Koshiba, M.: Single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fibers. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 5(10), 1384–1386 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sazio, P.J.A., Badding, J.V.: Micro structured optical fibers as high-pressure micro fluidic reactors. Science 311, 1583–1586 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sazio, P.J.A., Amezcua-Correa, A., Finlayson, C.E.: Micro structured optical fibers as high-pressure micro fluidic reactors. Science 311, 1583–1586 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, M.A., Sempere, L.P., Tyagi, H.K., Poulton, C.G., Russell, P.S.J.: Waveguiding and plasmon resonances in two-dimensional photonic lattices of gold and silver nanowires. Phys Rev B 77(3), 033417 (2008)

  • Sun, B., Chen, M., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y.: Surface plasmon induced polarization splitting based on dual-core photonic crystal fiber with metal wire. Plasmonics 2, 1253–1258 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, X., Mojahedi, M., Aitchison, J.S.: Hybrid plasmonic waveguide based ultra-low insertion loss transverse electric-pass polarizer. Opt. Lett. 41, 4020–4023 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Vial, A., Grimault, A.S., Macías, D., Barchiesi, D., Chapelle, M.L.: Improved analytical fit of gold dispersion: application to the modeling of extinction spectra with a finite-difference time-domain method. Phys. Rev. B 71(8), 085416 (2005)

  • Wang, Q., Guo, Q., Zhou, J.: Multiple-image encryption using polarized light encoding and the optical interference principle fresenal-transform domain. Appl. Opt. 52(36), 198910 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, G., Li, S., An, G., Wang, X., Zhang, W.: Design of a polarized filtering photonic-crystal fiber with gold-coated air holes. Appl. Opt. 54, 8817–8820 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.008817

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Y., Stankovic, J.A., He, T., Lin, S.: Realistic and efficient multi-channel communications in wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE Twenty Seventh Conference on Computer Communications 12(1) (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/infocom.2008.175

  • Xue, J., Li, S., Xiao, Y., Qin, W., Xin, X., Zhu, X.: Polarization filter characters of the gold-coated and the liquid filled photonic crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance. Opt. Express 11, 13733–13740 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Xue, J.R., Li, S.G., Xiao, Y.Z., Qin, W., Xin, X.J., Zhu, X.P.: A photonic crystal fiber polarized filter at 1.55 μm based on surface plasmon resonance. Plasmonics 11, 1163–1168 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan, X., Wang, H.Y., Yang, D.: Polarization filter characteristics of photonic crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance. In: Lasers & Electro-optics Pacific Rim (2017)

  • Yang, X., Lu, Y., Liu, B., Yao, J.: Design of a tunable single- polarization photonic crystal fiber filter with silver-coated and liquid-filled air holes. IEEE Photon. J. 9(4), 2720590 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yogalakshmi, S., Selvendran, S.M., Helena, D., Sivanantha, R.A.: Design of polarization filter using surface plasmon resonance based square latticed photonic crystal fiber. Adv. Nat. Appl. Sci. 10(4), 122–126 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, L., Yang, J., Guan, C., Dai, Q., Tian, F.: Three-core fiber-based shape sensing application. Opt. Lett. 33(6), 578 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., Yang, C.: Polarization splitter based on photonic crystal fibers. Opt. Express 11, 1015–1020 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, W., Li, S., An, G., Fan, Z., Bao, Y.: Polarization filter characteristics of photonic crystal fibers with square lattice and selectively filled gold wires. Appl. Opt. 53, 2441–2445 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.002441

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed or Salah S. A. Obayya.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Almewafy, B.H., Areed, N.F.F., Hameed, M.F.O. et al. Modified D-shaped SPR PCF polarization filter at telecommunication wavelengths. Opt Quant Electron 51, 193 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1885-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1885-x

Keywords

Navigation