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Characterization of an IAA-glucose hydrolase gene TaTGW6 associated with grain weight in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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Abstract

In rice, the TGW6 gene determines grain weight and encodes a protein with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-glucose hydrolase activity. Its homolog in wheat, TaTGW6, is considered as a candidate gene related to grain development. To amplify this gene, we designed primers based on a homologous conserved domain of the rice TGW6 gene. Sequence analysis indicated that TaTGW6 comprises only one exon, with 1656 bp in total and an open reading frame of 1035 bp. Three alleles at TaTGW6 locus detected by the primer pair TG23 were designated as TaTGW6-a, TaTGW6-b and TaTGW6-c, respectively. Compared with TaTGW6-a, TaTGW6-b had a 6-bp InDel at the position 170 downstream of initiation codon, and TaTGW6-c was a null mutant. Both TaTGW6-b and TaTGW6-c could significantly increase grain size and weight other than TaTGW6-a; however, the former two alleles showed a low frequency distribution in modern varieties. TaTGW6 was located on chromosome 4AL using a recombinant inbred line population and a set of Chinese Spring nullisomic-tetrasomic lines. It was linked to the SSR locus Xbarc1047 with a genetic distance of 6.62 cM and explained 15.8–21.0 % of phenotypic variation of grain weight in four environments. Association analysis using a natural population and Chinese wheat mini-core collections additionally validated the relationship of TaTGW6 with grain weight; the gene could explain 7.7–12.4 % of phenotypic variation in three environments. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that TaTGW6-b showed relatively lower expression than TaTGW6-a in immature grain at 20 and 30 days post-anthesis and in mature grain. The low expression of TaTGW6 generally associated with low IAA content, but with high grain weight. The novel functional marker, designated as TG23, can be used for marker-assisted selection to improve grain weight in wheat and also provides insights into the regulatory mechanism underlying grain weight.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. Shi-He Xiao for his kindly providing a RIL population, Prof. Ji-Zeng Jia for his kindly providing 260 Chinese micro-core wheat collections, Prof. Zhi-Yong Liu for his kindly providing one set of Chinese Spring nullisomic–tetrasomic lines. We also thank Prof. Xian-Chun Xia for revising the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000705), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-03), the introduced leading talent research team for Universities in Anhui Province, Anhui province natural science foundation of China (1508085MC57), Team construction of high level teacher of crop discipline, promotion project of high education of Anhui province, Wheat genetics and breeding research platform innovation team of Anhui's university, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production (JCIC-MCP) and the Agriculture Research System of Anhui Province (AHCYTX-02).

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    1. College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, The Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, Peoples’ Republic of China

      Ming-Jian Hu, Hai-Ping Zhang, Jia-Jia Cao, Xiao-Feng Zhu, Sheng-Xing Wang, Hao Jiang, Zeng Yun Wu, Jie Lu, Cheng Chang, Gen-Lou Sun & Chuan-Xi Ma

    2. Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS, B3H3C3, Canada

      Gen-Lou Sun

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    Correspondence to Cheng Chang.

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    Ming-Jian Hu and Hai-Ping Zhang contributed equally to this work.

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    Hu, MJ., Zhang, HP., Cao, JJ. et al. Characterization of an IAA-glucose hydrolase gene TaTGW6 associated with grain weight in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Breeding 36, 25 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-016-0449-z

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