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Light-emitting diode therapy increases collagen deposition during the repair process of skeletal muscle

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Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) therapy on the morphology of muscle tissue as well as collagen remodeling and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity in the skeletal muscle of rats following acute injury. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) sham, (3) untreated cryoinjury, and (4) cryoinjury treated with LED. Cryoinjury was induced by two applications of a metal probe cooled in liquid nitrogen directly onto the belly of the tibialis anterior muscle. For treatment, the LED equipment (wavelength 850 nm, output power 30 mW, and total energy 3.2 J) was used daily. The study periods were 1, 3, and 7 days after cryoinjury. Morphological aspects were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining. The amount of collagen fibers was evaluated using Picro Sirius Red staining under polarized light. The gelatinase activity of MMP-2 was evaluated using zymography. The results showed significant reductions in inflammatory infiltrate after 3 days and an increased number of immature muscle fibers after 7 days. Furthermore, treatment induced a reduction in the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 after 1, 3, and 7 days in comparison to the untreated injury groups and increased the collagen deposition after 3 and 7 days in the treated groups. LED therapy at 850 nm induced a significant reduction in inflammation, decreased MMP-2 activity, and increased the amount of immature muscle and collagen fibers during the muscle repair process following acute injury.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank UNINOVE and the Brazilian fostering agencies Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES- grant: 1182781), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq- grants: 303662/2012 and 305739/2014-0), and São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP- grants: 2013/21540-3, and 2014/12381-1) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Claudia Aparecida Viana de Melo, Agnelo Neves Alves, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Sandra Kalil Bussadori & Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari

  2. Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Stella Maris Lins Terena, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Daniela de Fátima Teixeira da Silva, Sandra Kalil Bussadori, Alessandro Melo Deana & Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari

  3. Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Fábio Daumas Nunes

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  1. Claudia Aparecida Viana de Melo
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  2. Agnelo Neves Alves
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  3. Stella Maris Lins Terena
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  6. Daniela de Fátima Teixeira da Silva
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  8. Alessandro Melo Deana
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  9. Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
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Correspondence to Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Human and animal rights and informed consent

The experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Brazilian National Council for Animal Experiments and received approval from the Ethics Committee for Animal Research of University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) (process number AN0015/2013).

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de Melo, C.A.V., Alves, A.N., Terena, S.M.L. et al. Light-emitting diode therapy increases collagen deposition during the repair process of skeletal muscle. Lasers Med Sci 31, 531–538 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1888-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-016-1888-9

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