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The Effect of Phenyl Acetic Acid (PAA) on Micropropagation of Date Palm Followed by Genetic Stability Assessment

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Abstract

Date palm is propagated by the offshoots, the number of which is limited. Therefore, date palms may be produced through the use of tissue culture of shoot tips and axillary shoot meristems. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) micropropagation still faces many problems, such as reduced growth and development of callus, low multiplication efficiency, and low rooting rate. Here, we established an efficient plant-regeneration system for (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Ashgar by tissue culture. Murashige and Skoog medium containing 6-benzyladenine (BA) (2.0 and 5.0 mg L−1) and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or phenylacetic acid (PAA) (0.05–2.00 mg L−1) was used to initiate shoot formation from callus tissues. The maximum number of shoots per jar was produced on a medium containing 5.0 mgL−1 BA and 0.5 mg L−1 PAA, while the medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL−1 BA in combination with 0.05 m L−1 PAA gave the highest callus induction (+++). A decrease in browning percentage was observed in the tissue-cultured media supplied with BA in combination with NAA or PAA compared to those provided with BA alone. In comparison with other treatments, the total amount of phenolic compounds was significantly reduced to 0.45 mg g−1 in buds cultured in the media supplemented with 5.0 mg L−1 BA and 0.5 mg L−1 PAA. The genetic stability of this protocol was confirmed by DNA-based fingerprinting technique RAPD. The RAPD banding patterns showed no variation among the tissue culture-derived plants tested. The in vitro micropropagation protocol reported herein could be served production of genetically stable date palm plants.

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Abbreviations

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

KIN:

Kinetin

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

NAA:

α-Naphthaleneacetic acid

PAA:

Phenylacetic acid

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Acknowledgements

The author thanks and appreciates the efforts of all the staff at the Date Palm propagation Lab.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Date Palm Research Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

    Ahmed Madi Waheed Al-Mayahi

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  1. Ahmed Madi Waheed Al-Mayahi
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Contributions

AAMW preparing the culture media and the conduct of plant tissue culture of the date palm, and the follow of the growth and development of cultures. The author also analyzed the physiological characteristics of the tissues and wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ahmed Madi Waheed Al-Mayahi.

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Al-Mayahi, A.M.W. The Effect of Phenyl Acetic Acid (PAA) on Micropropagation of Date Palm Followed by Genetic Stability Assessment. J Plant Growth Regul 41, 3127–3137 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10500-5

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