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Aluminum-induced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant defenses in the roots of rice varieties differing in Al tolerance

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Abstract

The effects of aluminum (Al) on root elongation, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, antioxidant levels, antioxidant enzymatic activity, and lignin content in the roots of the Al-tolerant rice variety azucena and the Al-sensitive variety IR64 were investigated. Treatment with Al induced a greater decrease in root elongation and a greater increase in H2O2 and lipid peroxidation as determined by the total thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) level in IR64 than in azucena. Azucena had significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase GSH POD activity compared with IR64. The concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid, and the GSH/GSSG ratio (reduced vs. oxidized glutathione) were also higher in azucena than in IR64 in the presence of Al. The addition of 1 mg/L GSH improved root elongation in both varieties and decreased H2O2 production under Al stress. By contrast, treatment with buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of GSH synthesis, decreased root elongation in azucena and stimulated H2O2 production in both varieties. Moreover, Al treatment significantly increased the cytoplasmic activity of peroxidase (POD) as well as the levels of POD bound ionically and covalently to cell walls in the Al-sensitive variety. The lignin content was also increased. Treatment with exogenous H2O2 also increased the lignin content and decreased root elongation in IR64. These results suggest that Al induces lignification in the roots of Al-sensitive rice varieties, probably through an increase in H2O2 accumulation.

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Acknowledgments

This research project was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYZ200905), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30228023, 31172021) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Baohui Ma, Lu Gao, Jin Cui & Zhenguo Shen

  2. School of Basic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014060, China

    Baohui Ma

  3. College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China

    Hongxiao Zhang

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  1. Baohui Ma
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  2. Lu Gao
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  4. Jin Cui
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  5. Zhenguo Shen
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Correspondence to Jin Cui or Zhenguo Shen.

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Communicated by E. Guiderdoni.

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Ma, B., Gao, L., Zhang, H. et al. Aluminum-induced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant defenses in the roots of rice varieties differing in Al tolerance. Plant Cell Rep 31, 687–696 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1187-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1187-7

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