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Sugar transporters in efficient utilization of mixed sugar substrates: current knowledge and outlook

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Abstract

There is increasing interest in production of transportation fuels and commodity chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass, most desirably through biological fermentation. Considerable effort has been expended to develop efficient biocatalysts that convert sugars derived from lignocellulose directly to value-added products. Glucose, the building block of cellulose, is the most suitable fermentation substrate for industrial microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Other sugars including xylose, arabinose, mannose, and galactose that comprise hemicellulose are generally less efficient substrates in terms of productivity and yield. Although metabolic engineering including introduction of functional pentose-metabolizing pathways into pentose-incompetent microorganisms has provided steady progress in pentose utilization, further improvements in sugar mixture utilization by microorganisms is necessary. Among a variety of issues on utilization of sugar mixtures by the microorganisms, recent studies have started to reveal the importance of sugar transporters in microbial fermentation performance. In this article, we review current knowledge on diversity and functions of sugar transporters, especially those associated with pentose uptake in microorganisms. Subsequently, we review and discuss recent studies on engineering of sugar transport as a driving force for efficient bioconversion of sugar mixtures derived from lignocellulose.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of a grant from the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan.

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  1. Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, 9-2, Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan

    Toru Jojima, Crispinus A. Omumasaba, Masayuki Inui & Hideaki Yukawa

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  1. Toru Jojima
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  3. Masayuki Inui
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Correspondence to Hideaki Yukawa.

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Jojima, T., Omumasaba, C.A., Inui, M. et al. Sugar transporters in efficient utilization of mixed sugar substrates: current knowledge and outlook. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 85, 471–480 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2292-1

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