Abstract
One of the most abundant natural polymers on earth, chitin is a fibrous and structural polysaccharide, composed of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. The biopolymer is the major structural constituent of fungi, arthropods, mollusks, nematodes, and some algae. The biodegradation of chitin is largely manifested by chitinolytic enzyme secreting organisms including bacteria, insects, and plants. Among them, bacterial chitinases represent the most promising, inexpensive, and sustainable source of proteins that can be employed for industrial-scale applications. To this end, the presented review comes at a timely moment to highlight the major sources of chitinolytic bacteria. It also discusses the potential pros and cons of prospecting bacterial chitinases that can be easily manipulated through genetic engineering. Additionally, we have elaborated the recent applications of the chitin thereby branding chitinases as potential candidates for biorefinery and biomedical research for eco-friendly and sustainable management of chitin waste in the environment.
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Acknowledgements
ND is thankful to council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR), Govt. of India, for providing fellowship vide sanction number 09/137(0615)/2019-EMR-1. MD acknowledges Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China for postdoctoral fellowship. Authors acknowledge the infrastructural support provided by Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, under DST-PURSE and DRDP schemes.
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The study was supported by the grants received from UGC-New Delhi, under UGC-CAS-III, DRDP and DST-PURSE schemes to RSP.
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Conceptualization: MAD and RSP; formal analysis: ND and MAD; writing—original draft preparation: ND and MAD; writing—review and editing: MAD and RSP. All authors have read and agreed to the final version of the manuscript.
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Dhole, N.P., Dar, M.A. & Pandit, R.S. Recent advances in the bioprospection and applications of chitinolytic bacteria for valorization of waste chitin. Arch Microbiol 203, 1953–1969 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02234-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02234-5