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Fabrication and characterization of friction stir–processed Mg-Zn-Ca biomaterials strengthened with MgO particles

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Abstract

Magnesium alloy composites play an important role in the biomaterials field. In this study, a novel Mg-Zn-Ca matrix composite was reinforced by adding 1.0 wt.% MgO nanoparticles via the high shear casting process. Hereafter, friction stir processing (FSP) was used to achieve a good dispersion of MgO particles and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. After the preparation of the novel composite materials, varied characterization and performance test methods have been selected for comparison. The results illustrate that through FSP, the corresponding microstructure and properties of as-cast MgO/Mg-Zn-Ca composites were significantly modified, and the best combination of the key parameters is 1200 rpm and 60 mm/min for rotational velocity and traveling speed, respectively. After the optimized FSP treatment, the grain size in FSP-processed composites was refined by 42%, to reach 1.04 μm. Due to the grain refinement and the redistribution of MgO particles, the hardness of the FSP-processed MgO/Mg-Zn-Ca composites was increased by 40%, to reach 101.2 HV. Further, it displayed excellent corrosion resistance as well as strength. Compared to the strengthening through grain refinement, particle strengthening is more dominant based on the study. And meanwhile, the modified grains and added MgO particles are beneficial to the properties of the nugget zones.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Tianjin University for the assistance on FSP experiments.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1764254], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [51871166], and Major Science and Technology projects in Tianjin [No. 15ZXQXSY00080].

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Author notes

  1. Zhen Liu and Yangchuan Cai contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China

    Zhen Liu, Yangchuan Cai, Jian Han, Zhiyong Mao & Minfang Chen

  2. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, People’s Republic of China

    Jie Chen

  3. Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100816, People’s Republic of China

    Zhiyong Mao & Minfang Chen

  4. Tianjin Key Lab for Photoelectric Materials & Devices, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China

    Minfang Chen

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  1. Zhen Liu
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Contributions

Liu Zhen: Methodology, formal analysis, and writing—original. Cai Yangchuan: Investigation and writing—review and editing. Chen Jie: Data curation. Han Jian: Writing—review and editing—and project administration. Mao Zhiyong: Funding acquisition. Chen Minfang: Resources and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Jian Han or Minfang Chen.

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Liu, Z., Cai, Y., Chen, J. et al. Fabrication and characterization of friction stir–processed Mg-Zn-Ca biomaterials strengthened with MgO particles. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 117, 919–932 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07814-9

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