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A first step toward the development of a barley NAM population and its utilization to detect QTLs conferring leaf rust seedling resistance

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We suggest multi-parental nested association mapping as a valuable innovation in barley genetics, which increases the power to map quantitative trait loci and assists in extending genetic diversity of the elite barley gene pool.

Abstract

Plant genetic resources are a key asset to further improve crop species. The nested association mapping (NAM) approach was introduced to identify favorable genes in multi-parental populations. Here, we report toward the development of the first explorative barley NAM population and demonstrate its usefulness in a study on mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf rust resistance. The NAM population HEB-5 was developed from crossing and backcrossing five exotic barley donors with the elite barley cultivar ‘Barke,’ resulting in 295 NAM lines in generation BC1S1. HEB-5 was genetically characterized with 1,536 barley SNPs. Across HEB-5 and within the NAM families, no deviation from the expected genotype and allele frequencies was detected. Genetic similarity between ‘Barke’ and the NAM families ranged from 78.6 to 83.1 %, confirming the backcrossing step during population development. To explore its usefulness, a screen for leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) seedling resistance was conducted. Resistance QTLs were mapped to six barley chromosomes, applying a mixed model genome-wide association study. In total, four leaf rust QTLs were detected across HEB-5 and four QTLs within family HEB-F23. Favorable exotic QTL alleles reduced leaf rust symptoms on two chromosomes by 33.3 and 36.2 %, respectively. The located QTLs may represent new resistance loci or correspond to new alleles of known resistance genes. We conclude that the exploratory population HEB-5 can be applied to mapping and utilizing exotic QTL alleles of agronomic importance. The NAM concept will foster the evaluation of the genetic diversity, which is present in our primary barley gene pool.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Steve Babben, Eva Geist, Astrid Hoffmann, Bernd Kollmorgen, Andrea Lossow, Merle Noschinski, Dr. Inga Schmalenbach, Brigitte Schröder for crossing and other glasshouse work. We thank Dr. Joseph DeYoung at the Southern California Genotyping Consortium (SCGC), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, for carrying out the Infinium BOPA1 SNP genotyping and Dr. Timothy J. Close and Dr. Prasanna Bhat, University of California, Riverside, CA, for carrying out the SNP genotype calling. Furthermore, we are grateful to Dr. Thomas Bringezu for advice in the laboratory and use of MapChart and Dr. Dragan Perovic for providing the leaf rust transformation scale. We also thank Helga Ansorge for conducting the leaf rust inoculation and screening. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; project Pi339/5-1) as part of the European Research Area in Plant Genomics (ERANET-PG) initiative (project 061).

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We declare that we have no conflict of interests in regard to the present study.

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We declare that we followed all relevant ethical standards while carrying out the present study.

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  1. Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, 06120, Halle, Germany

    Florian Schnaithmann & Klaus Pillen

  2. Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn-Institute, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484, Quedlinburg, Germany

    Doris Kopahnke

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  1. Florian Schnaithmann
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  2. Doris Kopahnke
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Correspondence to Klaus Pillen.

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Communicated by P. M. Hayes.

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Schnaithmann, F., Kopahnke, D. & Pillen, K. A first step toward the development of a barley NAM population and its utilization to detect QTLs conferring leaf rust seedling resistance. Theor Appl Genet 127, 1513–1525 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2315-x

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