Abstract
Temperature extremes constitute one of the most common environmental stresses that adversely affect the growth and development of plants. Transcriptional regulation of temperature stress responses, particularly involving protein-coding gene networks, has been intensively studied in recent years. High-throughput sequencing technologies enabled the detection of a great number of small RNAs that have been found to change during and following temperature stress. The precise molecular action of some of these has been elucidated in detail. In the present chapter, we summarize the current understanding of small RNA-mediated modulation of high-temperature stress-regulatory pathways including basal stress responses, acclimation, and thermo-memory. We gather evidence that suggests that small RNA network changes, involving multiple upregulated and downregulated small RNAs, balance the trade-off between growth/development and stress responses, in order to ensure successful adaptation. We highlight specific characteristics of small RNA-based temperature stress regulation in crop plants. Finally, we explore the perspectives of the use of small RNAs in breeding to improve stress tolerance, which may be relevant for agriculture in the near future.
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Acknowledgements
H.M.Sz. is a Ph.D. student at the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Faculty of Natural Sciences; T.Cs. was supported by János Bolyai Research Scholarship of Hungarian Academy of Science and Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, K-115934 and K-129283. G.S. is funded by grants from Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, K-119701 and K-129171.
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Szaker, H.M., Gyula, P., Szittya, G., Csorba, T. (2020). Regulation of High-Temperature Stress Response by Small RNAs. In: Miguel, C., Dalmay, T., Chaves, I. (eds) Plant microRNAs. Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35772-6_9
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