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Application of Biocompatible Scaffolds in Stem-Cell-Based Dental Tissue Engineering

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Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 18

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1409))

Abstract

Tissue engineering as an important field in regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic approach to replace or regenerate injured tissues. It consists of three vital steps including the selection of suitable cells, formation of 3d scaffolds, and adding growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are mentioned as two main sources for this approach that have been used for the treatment of various types of disorders. However, the main focus of literature in the field of dental tissue engineering is on utilizing MSCs. On the other hand, biocompatible scaffolds play a notable role in this regenerative process which is mentioned to be harmless with acceptable osteoinductivity. Their ability in inhibiting inflammatory responses also makes them powerful tools. Indeed, stem cell functions should be supported by biomaterials acting as scaffolds incorporated with biological signals. Naturally derived polymeric scaffolds and synthetically engineered polymeric/ceramic scaffolds are two main types of scaffolds regarding their materials that are defined further in this review. Various strategies of tissue bioengineering can affect the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex, periodontium regeneration, and whole teeth bioengineering. In this regard, in vivo/ex vivo experimental models have been developed recently in order to perform preclinical studies of dental tissue engineering which make it more transferable to be used for clinic uses. This review summarizes dental tissue engineering through its different components. Also, strategies of tissue bioengineering and experimental models are introduced in order to provide a perspective of the potential roles of dental tissue engineering to be used for clinical aims.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three dimensional

ASF-CM:

Ameloblast serum-free conditioned medium

a-TDM:

Autoclaved treated dentin matrix

BMPs:

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

BMSCs:

Bone marrow stromal cells

Ca/P:

Calcium phosphates

CAD:

Computer-aided design

c-Myc:

Myelocytomatosis oncogene

CT:

Computerized tomography

DFSCs:

Dental follicle stem cells

DP-MSCs:

Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells

DPSCs:

Dental pulp stem cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

G-CSF:

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

GTR:

Guided tissue regeneration

HA:

Hydroxyapatite

HDPC:

Human dental pulp cell

IFN-γ:

Interferon-gamma

IGF:

Insulin-like growth factor

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Klf4:

Kruppel-like factor 4

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

mESCs:

Murine embryonic stem cells

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa B

NGF:

Nerve growth factor

Oct4:

Octamer-binding transcription factor 4

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PDL:

Periodontal ligament

PDLSCs:

Periodontal ligament stem cells

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PGA:

Polyglycolic acid

PLA:

Polylactic acid

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLLA:

Poly-L-lactic acid

PRHds:

Platelet-rich hemoderivatives

RP:

Rapid prototyping

SCAP:

Stem cells from apical papilla

SHED:

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

Sox2:

Sex-determining region Y-Box 2

ß –TCP:

ß-tricalcium phosphate

TGF-ß:

Transforming growth factor-beta

TLR4:

Toll-like receptor-4

VEGF:

Vascular epithelial growth factor

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Mohsen khorshidi and Mrs. Shokouh Salimi for their kind support.

Funding

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Akram Tayanloo-Beik, Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari, Hamidreza Aghayan, Fatemeh Fazeli Shouroki & Babak Arjmand

  2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Amirabbas Nikkhah

  3. Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani

  4. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani

  5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran

    Ahmad Rezazadeh Mafi

  6. AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohsen Nikandish

  7. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Bagher Larijani

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  9. Fatemeh Fazeli Shouroki
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  10. Babak Arjmand
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  11. Bagher Larijani
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Babak Arjmand or Bagher Larijani .

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  1. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Tayanloo-Beik, A. et al. (2022). Application of Biocompatible Scaffolds in Stem-Cell-Based Dental Tissue Engineering. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 18. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1409. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2022_734

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