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Metagenomics for Novel Enzymes: A Current Perspective

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Environmental Contaminants: Ecological Implications and Management

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 14))

Abstract

Microbial enzymes are considered to be the backbone of most of the industrial bioprocesses and are substantially influencing all spheres of life. The research trends in microbial enzymes have witnessed several innovations over the years in the form of different state-of-the-art technologies, namely, directed evolution, metagenomics, recombinant DNA technology, bioinformatics and relevant science of omics. The major constraint of microbial enzymes lies on the source itself as only less than 1% of the existing microbial diversity is being utilized based on its ease of cultivation while the remaining 99% still needs to be explored. The metagenomic approach has been established as a potential tool to access the untapped microbial diversity. It involves isolation of metagenomic DNA from diverse environmental samples directly, followed by extracting the genetic information either by function- or sequence-driven high-throughput approaches. Several novel metabolites and biocatalysts have been isolated using this approach. The metagenome screening, mining of sequenced microbial genomes, and exploring diversity of extremophiles could be utilized to expand the list of industrially important microbial enzymes. This chapter provides an insight into different aspects of metagenomics and its immense potential application exclusively for characterization of novel microbial enzymes.

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Acknowledgments

The financial grants received in the form of UGC-Dr. D. S. Kothari Post-Doctoral fellowship to A Tanveer and SERB Young Scientist Fellowships (SB/FT/LS-430/2012) to S Yadav are sincerely acknowledged. The authors acknowledge the infrastructural support from the Head, Department of Biotechnology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, D.D.U Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Dinesh Yadav, Aiman Tanveer & Sangeeta Yadav

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  1. Dinesh Yadav
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  2. Aiman Tanveer
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  3. Sangeeta Yadav
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Correspondence to Dinesh Yadav .

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  1. Laboratory for Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Microbiology (DM), School for Environmental Sciences (SES), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Naresh Bharagava

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Yadav, D., Tanveer, A., Yadav, S. (2019). Metagenomics for Novel Enzymes: A Current Perspective. In: Bharagava, R. (eds) Environmental Contaminants: Ecological Implications and Management . Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 14. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7904-8_7

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