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Cadmium Stress Tolerance in Plants and Role of Beneficial Soil Microorganisms

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Phyto and Rhizo Remediation

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 9))

Abstract

Heavy metal stress triggers anomalies in the plant metabolic activity thereby reducing the yield potential of the crop plants. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metals that is continuously added to the soil through natural as well as anthropogenic means and once taken up by plants can inhibit plant growth and development. Cd toxicity causes problem in uptake and metabolism of essential mineral elements as a result of reduced enzyme activity and protein synthesis. It has been observed that essential mineral nutrients and the available soil Cd show direct competition for the transport proteins. In addition, Cd alters with the sulfhydryl group of proteins resulting in reduced enzyme activity. Soilborne microorganisms include all actively metabolizing organisms directly or indirectly associated with the improvement of soil health and the existing flora. Among the soilborne beneficial microorganisms, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been widely accepted for their growth-promoting role. Optimization of important physiological and biochemical processes in plants can be achieved by the soilborne microorganisms. Hence exploiting their unique properties including stress tolerance via synthesis of compatible solutes and phytohormones, biocontrol agents, etc. should be exploited. The present review discusses the role of beneficial soil microorganisms in alleviating the effects of Cd stress in crop plants.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding to the Research Group number (RG-1435-014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Abeer Hashem & Amal A. Al-Hazzani

  2. Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Abeer Hashem

  3. Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi & Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah

  4. Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

    Dilfuza Egamberdieva

  5. Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur, UP, India

    Baby Tabassum

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  1. Abeer Hashem
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  2. Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
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  3. Amal A. Al-Hazzani
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  4. Dilfuza Egamberdieva
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  5. Baby Tabassum
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  6. Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
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Correspondence to Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah .

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  1. Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Naveen Kumar Arora

  2. Department of Environmental Science, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Narendra Kumar

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Hashem, A., Alqarawi, A.A., Al-Hazzani, A.A., Egamberdieva, D., Tabassum, B., Abd_Allah, E.F. (2019). Cadmium Stress Tolerance in Plants and Role of Beneficial Soil Microorganisms. In: Arora, N., Kumar, N. (eds) Phyto and Rhizo Remediation. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 9. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9664-0_9

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