Abstract
Nanotechnology comprises the synthesis, manipulation, and utilization of nanosize materials in several areas. The chemical, physical, and biological methods are the ways to synthesize nanoscale material of the desired characteristics. However, the drawbacks of physical and chemical means of synthesis have switched the attention of researchers towards the environment-friendly and non-toxic greener approach which mainly involves the use of plants, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Myconanotechnology is an emerging branch of nanotechnology which has attracted the interest of many researchers around the world and especially in India due to the availability of the wide diversity of fungi. The remarkable countenances of fungi, mainly easy cultivation, tolerance to extreme conditions, as well as high yield of nanoparticles, make them more a preferred biosource for nano-synthesis. Fungi can form nanoparticles either intracellularly by using whole cells or extracellularly by using cell-free extracts. Physiological factors like temperature, pH, and time account for a vital role in controlling the morphology and dispersity of mycosynthesized nanoparticles. This chapter explains not only the various dimensions of fungi-mediated nano-synthesis but also the proposed mechanisms. Further, this chapter illustrates the role of different types of fungi-derived metal, metal oxide, and semiconductor nanoparticles in the biomedical field. In the Indian context, nanoparticles synthesized using fungi are being explored for antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and larvicidal properties. Apart from this, their use in sensing is getting much attention. The role of such nanoparticles in drug delivery is also giving exciting results. Fungi-mediated formation of nanoparticles and its numerous applications in healthcare have opened up many unexplored areas in myconanotechnology all over the world including in India. Myconanotechnology can play a crucial role in giving solutions to pandemic situations for mankind. There is a need to take up this research from lab to clinic so that we can see the commercially viable nanoproducts in the healthcare sector of India and the world.
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Varma, S., Jaiswal, N., Shende, R.A., Chaudhari, B.P. (2021). Insight into Fungi-Mediated Nano-synthesis for Healthcare Applications: An Indian Perspective. In: Satyanarayana, T., Deshmukh, S.K., Deshpande, M.V. (eds) Progress in Mycology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3307-2_8
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