Abstract
Textile manufacturing and distribution sector is a promising segment in India. The functional and aesthetic value of textile is improved through de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, dying, printing, and finishing stages. During this process of textile manufacturing, both water consumption and waste generation are based on the operations. One of the key environmental issues that impede growth of this textile industry is its wastewater. At this juncture, enzyme technology exhibits enormous promise in the textile fabric processing and sustainable effluent treatment. It is a green alternative and minimizes various chemically induced hazardous effluents generated during the textile fabric processing. A wide variety of enzymes have been used in different steps of textile fabric processing which play major role in improvement of textile quality, texture, strength, market values, and treatment of produced effluents, for instance, amylase in de-sizing, pectinases in bio-scouring, cellulase in stone-washing and bio-polishing, catalase in bleaching and removal of excess hydrogen peroxide during dyeing, laccase and oxidase in lignin degradation and textile effluent treatment, etc. However, most of the enzymes cannot withstand harsh textile fabric processing. Enzyme immobilization has become the most reliable method to tailor the enzyme properties such as enhancing stability, improving catalytic activity, specificity, reusability, storage stability, etc., to make the enzyme withstand harsh industrial processes. Overall, this chapter gives an insight into the effectiveness of different enzymes in the functional finishing of textiles and its effluent treatment, nano-immobilization of the enzymes for improving robustness of these biocatalysts and addresses the current challenges in enzymatic textile fabric processing and treatment of textile effluents.
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Kundu, D., Thakur, M.S., Patra, S. (2021). Textile Fabric Processing and Their Sustainable Effluent Treatment Using Enzymes—Insights and Challenges. In: Tripathi, A., Melo, J.S. (eds) Immobilization Strategies . Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7998-1_19
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