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Bacilli and Sustainable Jhum Agrobiotechnology

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Bacilli in Agrobiotechnology

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Abstract

Bacillus, the name that rekindles a lot of inquisitiveness in agricultural research, has been known for its multifaceted impacts on microbial processes. Mostly soil-dwelling, the genera of Bacillus has been studied for various biotechnological usage in the environment and industry. This group of eubacteria undergo various external environmental influences which helped them develop adaptive mechanisms at the genetic level related to survival strategies, making them tough performers in biotechnological applications.

In the northeastern region of India, Jhumming , a primitive form of agriculture, is still in practice where the natural environmental set-up is taken under the control of man, employing several tools including different stressors, fire being the main. The jhum fields in their coordinated cropping and fallow cycles involving slash and burn undergo a net change in nutrients along with other important components which results in a competitive environment for the soil micro-dwellers. Eco-restoration and making the entire jhum system sustainable is a key goal of many research strategies. Organic and environmental-friendly farming being the trend of modern-day agriculture, the usage of Bacilli in the rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems look promising to be exploited for eco-restoration goals. The well-documented roles of Bacillus spp. in plant protection and plant growth-promoting (PGP ) properties along with other beneficial parameters is presented in this chapter, with reference to their usage in jhum agroecosystems prevalent in the north-eastern part of India.

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Acknowledgement

The present chapter forms a part of the study under the National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India, and sanctioned project (MoEFCC-NMHS/LG-2016/005 Dated: 31/03/2016) to the authors.

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  1. Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India

    Aishiki Banerjee & S. R. Joshi

  2. Department of Environmental Studies, Siksha-Bhavana, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India

    Aishiki Banerjee

  3. CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    S. K. Barik

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  1. Aishiki Banerjee
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  1. Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

    M. Tofazzal Islam

  2. WVU Extension Service, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Mahfuz Rahman

  3. Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Piyush Pandey

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Banerjee, A., Barik, S.K., Joshi, S.R. (2022). Bacilli and Sustainable Jhum Agrobiotechnology. In: Islam, M.T., Rahman, M., Pandey, P. (eds) Bacilli in Agrobiotechnology. Bacilli in Climate Resilient Agriculture and Bioprospecting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85465-2_11

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