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Breeding Strategies of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

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Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops

Abstract

Garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), a member of the Fabaceae family, is one of the most important self-pollinating legume crops. Globally, the pea is an economic crop, utilized as food, feed and industrial uses. Garden pea is an annual winter-season crop grown around the world from winter to early summer depending on the country. Gene banks have conserved a large genetic resource collection of pea germplasm. Pisum harbors significant diversity based on biological status, geographical regions and morpho-agronomic traits. Introgression of novel alleles through crossing between various pea genetic resources, e.g. modern varieties with locally adapted varieties, enhances genetic diversity and preselection for traits of interest, which is required to ensure meaningful natural variation at the phenotypic level. Improving pea for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance traits, quality traits and yield attributes are the main objectives of breeders and geneticists. These can be achieved with genomics tools to augment traditional breeding programs. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the origin of the pea, distribution, genetic resources, conservation, cultivation practices, recent developments in biotechnology and molecular genetics to improve traditional breeding methods.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Amal M. E. Abdel-Hamid

  2. Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt

    Khaled F. M. Salem

  3. Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanitarian Studies, Shaqra University, Qwaieah, Saudi Arabia

    Khaled F. M. Salem

Authors
  1. Amal M. E. Abdel-Hamid
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  2. Khaled F. M. Salem
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amal M. E. Abdel-Hamid .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain

  3. Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Dennis V. Johnson

Appendices

Appendices

1.1 Appendix I-A: Major World Institutions Holding Pisum Germplasm

Country/Continent

FAO Inst. code

Institute

Number of accessions

Africa

IBCR

Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

1600

Australia

AFTC

Australian Temperate Field Crop Collection, Horsham, England

6567

Bulgaria

SAD

Institute of Plant Introduction and Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria

2787

China

ICAR-CAAS

Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS, China

3837

Czech Republic

CZE

AGRITEC, Research, Breeding and Services Ltd., Sumperk, Czech Republic

1284

France

INRA

INRA CRG Légumineuse à grosses graines, Dijon, France

1891

Germany

GAT

Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gaterleben, Germany

5336

Hungary

HUN

Institute for Agrobotany, Tapioszel, Hungary

1188

Italy

BAR

Istituto del Germoplasma, Bari, CNR – Istituto di GeneticaVegetale, Italy

4297

Netherlands

CGN

Centre for Genetic Resources, Wageningen, Netherlands

1008

Poland

WTD

Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute Blonie, Radzikow, Poland

2899

Russia

VIR

N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg, Russia

6790

Sweden

NGB

Nordic Gene Bank, Nordic Genetic Resource Centre, Alnarp, Sweden

2724

Syria

ICARDA

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria

6105

Ukraine

UKR

Yurjev Institute of Plant Breeding, Kharkov, Ukraine

1671

United Kingdom

JIC

John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK

3557

United States

USDA; NYSAES

Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Station, Pullman; NY State Agricultural Experiment Station, USA

5400; 2500

  1. Source: Smýkal et al. (2012)

1.2 Appendix I-B: List of Web Databases Providing Links to Pea Related Information

Database

Website

Bioinformatics gateway towards integrative legume biology

http://www.legoo.org/

Cool Season Food Legume Genome Database

http://www.gabcsfl.org/

INRA Dijon Legume genetic and genomic resources

http://www.thelegumeportal.net

INRA Legume Base

http://195.220.91.17/legumbase/index.php?mode=0&id=

International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS)

http://www.ildis.org/

Know Pulse

http://knowpulse2.usask.ca

Legume Information System (LIS)

http://www.comparative-legumes.org/

Legume IP

http://plantgrn.noble.org/LegumeIP

Legume phylo-informatics database

http://www.public.asu.edu/~mfwojci/legumephylo_dBase.html

Legume proteomes

http://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/plants/legumes/cgi/legumes.cgi

Medicago truncatula HapMap Project

http://www.medicagohapmap.org/cgi-bin/gbrowse/mthapmap/

Phytozome -Soybean Gbrowser

http://www.phytozome.net/cgi-bin/gbrowse/soybean/

UTILLdb: URGV TILLING pea database

http://urgv.evry.inra.fr/UTILLdb

  1. Source: Smýkal et al. (2012)

1.3 Appendix II-A: List of Recommended Varieties of Peas in India

State

Recommended varieties

Bihar

DDR-23 (Pusa Prabhat), V L Matar -42

Chhattisgarth

Shubhra (IM-9101), Vikas (IPFD-99-13), Paras

Gujarat

JP-885, IPFD 10–12, Indra, Prakash

Haryana

Uttra (HFP-8909), DDR-27 (Pusa panna), Hariyal (HFP-9907 B), HFP-9426, Alankar, Jayanti (HFP-8712), Aman( IPF5-19)

Jharkhand

PL Matar-42, V L Matar -42

Madya Pradesh

Prakash (IPFD 1–10), Vikas (IPFD-99-13)

Maharashtra

JP-885, Ambika, Indra (KPMR-400), Adarsh (IPF 99-25), IPFD 10–12

Punjab

Jay (KPMR-522), Pant pea-42, KFP-103 (Shikha), Uttra (HFP8909), Aman ( IPF5-19)

Rajasthan

DMR-7 (Alankar), Pant Pea-42

Uttar Pradesh

Swati (KFPD-24), Malviya Matar-15 (HUDP-15), Vikas, Sapna (KPMR-1441), IPF 4-9

Uttarakhand

Pant Pea-14, Pant Pea-25, V L Matar -47

  1. Source: Seednet GOI, Min of Agri & FW & ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, Dhall (2017)

1.4 Appendix II-B: World List of Recommended Varieties of Pisum sativum in some Producing Countries

Country

Recommended varieties

Czech Republic

Adept, Alan, Baryton, Bohatyr, CanisCarrera, Catania, Garde, Gotik, Grana, Hardy, Harnas, Herold, Jackpot, Janus, Kamelot, Komet, Lantra, Madonna, Menhir, Merkur, Olivin, Pegas, Power, Primus, Profi, Romeo, Sonet, Sponzor, Tempra, Terno, Tyrkys, Zekon

Egypt

Master B, Little Marvel, Lincoln, Luxer, Sugary, Sohag 1, Sohag 2, Ambassador, Hurst Greenshaft, Senator, Sugar Snap, Delikett, Victory Freezer

Ethiopia

Burkitu, Adet-1, Sefinesh, Gume, Tegegnech, Wolmera, Hassabe

Pakistan

Climax, Matar, Meteor, Climax, Greenfeast and Rondo

UK

Manager, Cascade, Capulet, Deity, Croft, Pastoral Swift, Venture, Madras, Salamanca

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Abdel-Hamid, A.M.E., Salem, K.F.M. (2021). Breeding Strategies of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.). In: Al-Khayri, J.M., Jain, S.M., Johnson, D.V. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66969-0_9

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