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6-Benzylaminopurine mediated indirect organogenesis in Sapindus trifoliatus L. through internodal segments

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Abstract

The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs), explant orientation and subculturing of callus for different passages on the callus induction and shoot differentiation in a medicinal tree Sapindus trifoliatus L. were investigated. The callus was induced from internodal explants obtained from a mature tree on MS medium containing different PGRs, i.e., 2,4-D, BAP, Kin, and zeatin. However, shoot differentiation from callus was obtained only on a medium containing BAP (0.1–3.0 mg l−1) or higher concentrations of zeatin (3.0 or 5.0 mg l−1). The highest number of shoots was obtained when the callus induced on the medium fortified with 3.0 mg l−1 BAP was transferred to a medium containing a comparatively lower concentration (1.0 mg l−1) of BAP. The orientation of the explant (i.e., horizontal or vertical) did not affect callus initiation and further shoot differentiation significantly. The subculturing of callus for different passages had a pronounced effect on shoot differentiation from the callus. The internodal callus showed 100% response for shoot differentiation and an increase in shoot numbers up to the fourth subculture; but, after that significant decline in response and shoot number. The maximum number of shoots (11.43 ± 0.79) was produced after the subculture up to the fourth passage. Thus, by adopting the approach of harvesting shoots and subculture of the remaining callus for seven passages, an average of 45 shoots per 500 mg callus culture was obtained. Maximum percent rooting in micro shoots was obtained when they were pulse-treated with 0.5 mg l−1 IBA for 24 h and transferred to a full-strength MS medium without auxins. Histological analysis revealed the well-developed apical meristem-like structure with leaf primordia during adventitious shoot bud development. The plants developed through internodal callus were established successfully in soil with a 90% survival rate.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are included in the article.

Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

ANOVA:

One-way analysis of variance

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

DDW:

Double distilled water

DMRT:

Duncan’s multiple range test

FW:

Fresh weight

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

Kin:

Kinetin

LSD:

Least significant differences

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

Naphthaleneacetic acid

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

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Acknowledgements

The authors (PA and MKR) are thankful to University Grant Commission (UGC), India, for financial support in the form of SRF and Start-Up Research Grant, respectively.

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  1. Pooja Asthana

    Present address: Department of Botany, Ramsheth Thakur College of Commerce and Science, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410210, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India

    Pooja Asthana

  2. Department of Environmental Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, 484887, India

    Manoj K. Rai

  3. Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India

    Uma Jaiswal

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  1. Pooja Asthana
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Contributions

PA and UJ—conceptualization, PA—experimental design and experimentation, PA and MKR—data collection and analysis, manuscript preparation, UJ—supervision of entire research. All the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Manoj K. Rai.

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Asthana, P., Rai, M.K. & Jaiswal, U. 6-Benzylaminopurine mediated indirect organogenesis in Sapindus trifoliatus L. through internodal segments. Vegetos (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-024-00873-9

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