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Pomegranate peel utilization by an indigenous fungal strain of Trichoderma reesei NCIM 1186: Optimization and Kinetics studies on production of cellulase

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Abstract

Pomegranate peels, which are normally considered waste, are used for the synthesis of cellulase in this study. Through submerged state fermentation, Trichoderma reesei filamentous fungus was employed to manufacture cellulase from pomegranate peels. Response Surface Methodology was used to screen the nutritional medium and improve the media composition for cellulase production using statistical experimental methods (RSM). Nine nutrients were screened using the Plackett–Burman Design (PBD) technique and the most impacting nutrient mediums were chosen. Central Composite design (CCD) identified four nutrients as being more critical for cellulase production, and their compositions were optimized as well. The best medium compositions for submerged fermentation of cellulase using pomegranate peel were Avicel—24.812 g/L, KH2PO4—4.626 g/L, soybean cake flour—20.7 g/L, and MnSO4.H2O—1.036 g/L. Cellulase production was determined to be 9.3 IU/mL under optimum medium conditions. Furthermore, Box–Behnken Design improved process parameters such as pH (5.5), temperature (36 °C), initial substrate concentration (3.2%), inoculum concentration (7%), and fermentation length (5 days). Finally, under the optimum medium and process conditions, the maximal cellulase production was 12.3 IU/mL. The Monod model (R2:0.9316), Luedeking–Piret model-substrate consumption (R2:0.9217), Michaelis–Menten kinetics (R2:0.94), Lineweaver–Burk plot (R2:0.9264), Hanes–Woolf plot (R2:0.0642), and Eadie–Hofstee plot (R2:0.0642) were used to model the cellulase production process. Furthermore, pomegranate peels, a cheap waste raw material, would be the best carbon source for a high production of cellulase enzyme.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, and Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, India, for the technical support provided.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Chennai, 602117, India

    Divya Baskaran

  2. Department of Petrochemical Technology, University College of Engineering - BIT Campus, Anna University, Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India

    Panchamoorthy Saravanan

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, Chidambram, 608002, India

    V. Saravanan, R. Rajesh Kannan, S. Ramesh, M. Dilipkumar & R. Muthuvelayudham

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Panchamoorthy Saravanan had the idea for the article. All authors contributed to the literature search and data analysis. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Panchamoorthy Saravanan and all authors commented and critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. R.Muthuvelayudham contributed to supervision.

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Baskaran, D., Saravanan, P., Saravanan, V. et al. Pomegranate peel utilization by an indigenous fungal strain of Trichoderma reesei NCIM 1186: Optimization and Kinetics studies on production of cellulase. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 6435–6453 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02901-7

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