Abstract
Enzymes are the complex protein moieties, catalyze the rate of chemical reactions by transforming various substrates to specific products and play an integral part in multiple biochemical cycles. Advancement in enzyme research and its integration with industries have reformed the biotech industries. It provides a superior monetary and ecological exchange to traditional material measures in an efficient and environmentally sustainable manner. The cost-effective production of pure and highly active enzymes is still a challenge for the biocatalyst industries. The use of high purity substrates further raises the cost of a typical biocatalyst. The use of low-cost plant-based biomasses as an enticing and sustainable substrate for enzyme production is the most cost-effective approach to these problems. Given the relevance of biomass as a substrate for enzyme development, this review article focuses on the key source, composition and major enzyme generated using various biomass residues. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the use of biomass as a substrate and technical developments in this area, are also addressed. The use of waste biomass as a substrate lowers the ultimate cost for the production of biocatalysts while simultaneously reduces the waste burden from the environment.
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Acknowledgements
Authors are highly grateful to the Department of Environment Science and Technology (DEST) Govt. of HP for providing JRF to Ms. Ranju Kumar Rathour and University Grant Commission (UGC) (Grant no. No. F./PDFSS201415SCHIM8434) New Delhi, India for providing financial assistance in the form of PDF to Dr. Ravi Kant Bhatia. All the facilities provided by the Department of Biotechnology HP University Shimla are also duly acknowledged.
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Sakhuja, D., Ghai, H., Rathour, R.K. et al. Cost-effective production of biocatalysts using inexpensive plant biomass: a review. 3 Biotech 11, 280 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02847-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02847-z