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Enzymatic Saccharification Technologies for Biofuel Production: Challenges and Prospects

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Microbial Biotechnology for Renewable and Sustainable Energy

Part of the book series: Clean Energy Production Technologies ((CEPT))

Abstract

Significant advancement has been made in biomass valorization, especially in the twenty-first century. Reasons for these advancements include population growth, depletion in petroleum and fossil fuels, and growing demand for fuels, lignin derivatives, and petrochemicals. The energy demand is increasing tremendously, and today’s energy needs can be met by producing fuels and chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Agricultural by-products and other lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are abundant feedstocks for this purpose. A plethora of biocatalysts are available for biomass conversion, and the discovery of new and efficient enzymes is ever increasing. The significant challenges faced in this area are bridging the efficient utilization of biomass and developing enzyme cocktails with improved saccharification efficiency in a cost-effective manner. Overcoming the inhibitors generation during pretreatment, understanding biomass complexity, enhancing biocatalyst efficiency, optimizing saccharification, and reducing operating costs are challenging needs. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of biomass feedstocks, the enzymes available for the conversion and saccharification of these renewable substrates, the challenges for optimized conversion, and the production of platform chemicals that can serve as substrates for generating other high-value products.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided to SU by DBT, GoI, through Indo-Russian collaboration (No. DBT/IC2/Indo-Russia/2014-16) and SERB (No. EEQ/2020/000583). Authors also thank DBT-BIOCARe for the financial support to RP and SU through the project grant No. BT/PR18134/BIC/101/795/2016 and for the support to JMF through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Physical Biosciences Program (grant number DOE DE-FG02-05ER15650) to advance microbial bioenergy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biocatalysts Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Priyadharshini Ramachandran & Sivakumar Uthandi

  2. Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    J. Beslin Joshi

  3. Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Lakshmi Kasirajan

  4. Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Julie A. Maupin-Furlow

  5. Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Julie A. Maupin-Furlow

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  1. Priyadharshini Ramachandran
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  2. J. Beslin Joshi
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  3. Lakshmi Kasirajan
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  4. Julie A. Maupin-Furlow
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  5. Sivakumar Uthandi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India

    Jitendra Kumar Saini

  2. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA

    Rajesh K Sani

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Ramachandran, P., Joshi, J.B., Kasirajan, L., Maupin-Furlow, J.A., Uthandi, S. (2022). Enzymatic Saccharification Technologies for Biofuel Production: Challenges and Prospects. In: Saini, J.K., Sani, R.K. (eds) Microbial Biotechnology for Renewable and Sustainable Energy. Clean Energy Production Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3852-7_11

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