Abstract
Chemical heterogeneities and grain structures significantly influence the quality and final properties in solidified ingots, and the phenomena responsible for their formation during solidification are closely related. Two significant issues exist, which make the prediction of chemical heterogeneities and grain structures in industrial ingots a difficult task. The first challenge is that development of such models combining these two aspects is still at its beginning, and the second challenge is the size of the industrial ingots, where a number of phenomena need to be accounted for. In this article, we present macro-segregation and grain structures predictions in a 6.2-ton industrial steel ingot using a multiphase and multiscale model. In the model used the grain growth model is fully coupled with a volume-averaged two-phase macroscopic solidification model that accounts for macroscopic fluid flow, grain transport, heat transfer, and solute transport. A comparison between experiment and numerical results is discussed in order to illustrate the capabilities and limitations of the model. Notably, it is demonstrated that accounting for grain motion improves the predictions, compared to the case where the solid is assumed to be fixed. The model is also able to predict the globular grain in the bottom part and dendritic grains in the remaining part of the ingot.
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The work was supported by Ascometal Creas, ArcelorMittal Industeel Creusot, Aubert & Duval, Erasteel, and Alcan CRV.
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Kumar, A., Založnik, M. & Combeau, H. Prediction of equiaxed grain structure and macrosegregation in an industrial steel ingot: comparison with experiment. Int J Adv Eng Sci Appl Math 2, 140–148 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12572-011-0034-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12572-011-0034-y