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Genetic Characteristics of Rotavirus Acute Gastroenteritis Among Hospitalized Children of Odisha in Eastern India

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Abstract

Objective

To generate epidemiological data of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children less than 5 y of age and to characterize the circulating rotavirus genotypes post introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Universal Immunization Program (UIP).

Methods

This prospective study was conducted from April 2016 to July 2019 at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics & SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha among hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) under five years of age. Stool samples collected were tested for rotavirus by a commercial enzyme immunoassay and strains were characterized by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The data was analysed using a chi-square test with 95% confidence interval and risk ratio.

Results

Rotavirus diarrhea was seen in 715 (36.4%) of the 1963 samples tested. The peak incidence of rotavirus diarrhea was during the winter season, i.e., from the month of December to February. Most of the infections were in children between 6 mo to 2 y of age, affecting boys and girls equally. The commonest genotypes were G3P[8] (50.34%) followed by G1P[8] (17.46%).

Conclusion

This study highlights the high prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among children which emphasize the need for continued rotavirus vaccination. The changing patterns of genotype distribution stress the need for continued surveillance post introduction of vaccines to understand the effect of vaccines on strain evolution over a longer period and detect emergence of new genotypes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the cooperation by all participants, parents/guardians and surveillance staff at all the sentinel hospitals. They are thankful to Mr. Arjun for helping in data analysis.

Funding

The funding for this project is from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (OPP1165083) and the CDC Foundation, Atlanta with the Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore as sub-awardee.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics (SVPPGIP) and SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India

    Subal Kumar Pradhan, Pooja Sagar Padhi & Saroj Kumar Satpathy

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Pandit Raghunath Murmu Government Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Odisha, India

    Sumanta Panigrahi

  3. The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Varunkumar Thiyagarajan

Authors
  1. Subal Kumar Pradhan
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  2. Sumanta Panigrahi
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  3. Pooja Sagar Padhi
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  4. Varunkumar Thiyagarajan
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  5. Saroj Kumar Satpathy
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Contributions

SKP and SP conceptualized the study and drafted the manuscript. PSP and VT collected the data and analyzed the data. SKS critically reviewed and edited the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. SKS will act as guarantor for this paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subal Kumar Pradhan.

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Conflict of Interest

None.

Ethics Committee Approval

The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee (IEC) of SCB Medical College.

Informed Consent

All patients were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent from the parents or guradian.

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Pradhan, S.K., Panigrahi, S., Padhi, P.S. et al. Genetic Characteristics of Rotavirus Acute Gastroenteritis Among Hospitalized Children of Odisha in Eastern India. Indian J Pediatr 88 (Suppl 1), 35–40 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03610-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03610-7

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