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Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and exogenous application of trans-zeatin riboside alleviates arsenic induced physiological damages in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

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Abstract

Due to increased industrialization, arsenic (As) in the soil has become a serious issue for wheat production since past few decades. We investigated the role of Azospirillum brasilense and trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) in the mitigation of arsenic toxicity in wheat for 2 years (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in pot experiments. Wheat plants grown in soil artificially spiked with arsenic (50, 70, and 100 μM) was left alone or amended with A. brasilense, tZR, or their combination as mitigation strategies. A treatment without arsenic or amendments was maintained as control. Arsenic-induced physiological damages were noticed in the wheat plants. Detrimental effects on the plant physiological functions, such as disruption of cell membrane stability, reduced water uptake, and stomatal functions, were noticed with increase in As toxicity. Application of biological amendments reversed the effects of As toxicity by increasing wheat plant growth rate, leaf area, and photosynthesis and also yield. Therefore, application of tZR and wheat seed inoculation with A. brasilense could be a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy to mitigate arsenic-induced crop physiological damages.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The technical support for this study was gratefully provided by the Regional Agriculture Research Institute in Bahawalpur and Ayub Agricultural Research Institute in Faisalabad. Provision of resources from Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan, and Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, is also greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

    Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah & Muhammad Mohsin Waqas

  2. Sustainable Development Study Center (SDSC), Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, Pakistan

    Hafiz Haider Ali

  3. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia

    Kehinde O. Erinle

  4. Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, 192101, India

    Shabir Hussain Wani

  5. Department of Botany, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria

    Okon Godwin Okon

  6. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, 58140, Turkey

    Muhammad Azhar Nadeem

  7. Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Javaid Iqbal

  8. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

    Ali Raza

  9. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan

    Ali Raza

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  1. Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer
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  2. Hafiz Haider Ali
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  3. Kehinde O. Erinle
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  4. Shabir Hussain Wani
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  9. Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
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  10. Javaid Iqbal
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  11. Ali Raza
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Contributions

H.H. Ali planned and supervised the experiment, M.S. Zaheer & M. Nawaz involved in planning and execution of experiment, K.O. Erinle and S.H. Wani participated in write up of manuscript and review. O.G. Okon, M.M. Waqas & M.A. Bodlah participated in the discussion of the study and field trails, A. Raza participated in the methodology and discussion of the study, J. Iqbal & M.A. Nadeem Review the manuscript and improve the technical and English language.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer or Hafiz Haider Ali.

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Zaheer, M.S., Ali, H.H., Erinle, K.O. et al. Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and exogenous application of trans-zeatin riboside alleviates arsenic induced physiological damages in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 33909–33919 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18106-w

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