Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) offers a promising approach for combating in vitro pathogen infections in Eucalyptus pellita (E. pellita) plants. This strategy provides an environmentally sustainable method to improve plant health and resistance. The effect of green synthesised AgNPs on the pathogen-infected in vitro regenerated E. pellita plantlets was examined. Firstly, shoots regenerated from cotyledonary leaf explants of E. pellita were examined in vitro through a direct organogenesis technique using murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.4, 1.3, 2.2, 3.1 and 3.9 µM) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The elongated shoots were rooted in vitro using ½ MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 µM) of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest shoot formation from cotyledonary leaves was observed in the MS media supplemented with 2.2 µM BAP, followed by 3.1 µM BAP giving a mean of 7.4 and 6 shoots per explant, respectively. The highest root formation was observed in the ½ MS media supplemented with 1.5 µM IBA, yielding an average of 17.47 roots per explant. Secondly, the antibacterial effect of green AgNPs on tissue-cultured plants was examined by inoculating green AgNPs and three bacterial strains (Bacillus sp. strain EU_UPM1, Pantoea dispersa strain EU_UPM3 and Pantoea dispersa strain EU_UPM2). The results showed that green AgNPs controlled bacterial growth at 100 ppm concentration. The focal point of the current research is to use of green synthesised AgNPs as an efficient antibacterial agent that particularly targets in vitro pathogen infections in E. pellita plants. Thus, this study finds that green AgNPs possess potent antibacterial activity and could therefore be developed as a promising antimicrobial agent for the treatment of bacterial infections, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Key Message
In vitro inoculation of green AgNPs resulted in better development and enhanced morphological characteristics in the horticulturally important E. pellita plantlets.
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Data availability
The data supporting the findings are available from the corresponding author upon request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors also would like to thank the Eco-Remediation Technology Laboratory and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; Laboratory of Bioresource Management, INTROP and Nanomaterial Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (NSCL), IONS, Universiti Putra Malaysia. We also thank Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mas Jaffri Masarudin, head of laboratory of NSCL, Universiti Putra Malaysia for his advice and help.
Funding
This work was supported by the Trans-disciplinary Research Grant Scheme (TRGS) 2018 under the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Malaysia (TRGS/1/2018/UPM/01/2/2/5535802).
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H.S. investigation analyzed data and wrote the paper; S.A.A. conceptualization, methodology, designed research, supervision and project administration; N.A.S. conceptualization, methodology, designed research, supervision and project administration; R.S. supervision and project administration; A.A. methodology and supervision; A.N. methodology; C.D.S. methodology; R.A. methodology; all authors participated in revising the paper.
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Communicated by Victor M. Jimenez.
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Sawalha, H., Ahmad, S.A., Shaharuddin, N.A. et al. Antibacterial activity of green silver nanoparticles on the in vitro pathogen infected Eucalyptus pellita plant. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 156, 73 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02703-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02703-x