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Somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos and shoot-tips of the Chilean tree Gomortega keule

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Abstract

The endangered Chilean tree Gomortega keule (Mol.) Baillon produces edible fruit, making it a potential crop. However, its cultivation from seed or cuttings is extremely difficult. This paper reports the induction of somatic embryogenesis and the initiation of liquid cultures in this species. Callus was induced from zygotic embryos and field-collected shoots. Somatic embryogenesis on zygotic embryos occurred at a low frequency. Induction of somatic embryogenesis was accomplished on micropropagated shoots after 6.5 months on semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 30 g/l sucrose, 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1.0 mg/l 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP). Liquid cultures of compact callus and small aggregates were obtained and showed optimum proliferation in MS medium with 20 g/l sucrose, 0.01 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.1 mg/l 2iP. The proliferation of friable embryogenic callus was observed in liquid medium and will allow the propagation of selected genotypes of this tree on a large scale. Genetic variation in two embryogenic genotypes cultured in vitro was not detected in an assessment using microsatellites; this approach is suitable for tracing genotypes.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2iP:

6-(γ,γ-Dimethylallylamino) purine

AC:

Activated charcoal

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

FDA:

Fluorescein diacetate

MS:

Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium

NAA:

α-Naphthaleneacetic acid

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

SE:

Somatic embryogenesis

WP:

Woody plant medium (Lloyd and McCown 1981)

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank to Fernando Campos (Corporación Nacional Forestal), Roberto Muñoz (Forestal Celco S.A.), Ignacio Muñoz and Aarón Cortés for assistance to access and transport plant material. They also thank to Drs. J. B. Power, P. Anthony and V. Sarasan for valuable suggestions. Universidad Católica del Maule and Gobierno de Chile funded the doctoral research of D. Muñoz-Concha.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencas Agrarias, Universidad Católica del Maule, Casilla 7-D, Curicó, Chile

    Diego Muñoz-Concha

  2. Plant and Crop Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK

    Sean Mayes, Gracia Ribas & Michael R. Davey

Authors
  1. Diego Muñoz-Concha
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  2. Sean Mayes
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  3. Gracia Ribas
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  4. Michael R. Davey
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Correspondence to Diego Muñoz-Concha.

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Muñoz-Concha, D., Mayes, S., Ribas, G. et al. Somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos and shoot-tips of the Chilean tree Gomortega keule . Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 109, 123–130 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-011-0080-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-011-0080-y

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