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Vernalization of Oriental hybrid lily ‘Sorbonne’: changes in physiology metabolic activity and molecular mechanism

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Abstract

Oriental hybrid lily ‘Sorbonne’ was used to investigate molecular changes during the storage at 4 °C for dormancy-release besides physiology metabolic activity observations. In physiological mechanism, endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration level of lily bulbs decreased as the cold preservation time increased, and it kept at a stable level after being preserved for 35 days. The level of soluble sugars concentrations also changed during the cold preservation time, and it increased as the cold preservation time raised to 49 days then decreased afterward. On molecule level, a new transcriptome providing comprehensive sequence profiling data of variation during dormancy-release in lily was constructed. 34,367 unigenes expressed differentially between the control and the treatment was analyzed. 14 genes including 8 MADS-box family genes, 4 genes related to plant hormone, and 2 DNA methylation genes were selected to identify the levels of their expression by qRT-PCR. Our results show that the decrease of ABA level during cold storage, as well as changes in plant hormone genes was correlated with dormancy-release; MADS-box family genes VRN2, FLC, FT, SOC1 a, as well as LFY, MIKC and ARF, MYB transcription factor were included in lily floral induction and DNA methylation was correlated to lily vernalization under low temperature. According to the results of the present studies, we predicted that plant hormone pathway, energy metabolic pathway, vernalization pathway, and DNA methylation played important roles during vernalization; these data provided the foundation for future studies of vernalization to induce flowering of lily.

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Abbreviations

BLAST:

Basic local alignment search tool

COG:

Cluster of orthologous group

EST:

Expressed sequence tag

GO:

Gene ontology

KEGG:

Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

qRT-PCR:

Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation (Grant numbers 31071815 and 31272204), ‘863’ research program (Grant number 2011AA10020804), and the D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant number 20110014110006).

Conflict of interest

All authors state that they have no interest conflict.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaohua Liu, Qing Wang, Jiahui Gu & Yingmin Lü

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaohua Liu, Qing Wang, Jiahui Gu & Yingmin Lü

  3. China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaohua Liu, Qing Wang, Jiahui Gu & Yingmin Lü

Authors
  1. Xiaohua Liu
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  2. Qing Wang
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Correspondence to Yingmin Lü.

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Liu, X., Wang, Q., Gu, J. et al. Vernalization of Oriental hybrid lily ‘Sorbonne’: changes in physiology metabolic activity and molecular mechanism. Mol Biol Rep 41, 6619–6634 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3545-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3545-3

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