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Enhanced production of ε-poly-l-lysine by immobilized Streptomyces ahygroscopicus through repeated-batch or fed-batch fermentation with in situ product removal

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Abstract

ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is a naturally-occurring l-lysine homopolymer having a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and used widely as a food preservative. In the present study, the combined use of immobilization and in situ product removal (ISPR) was evaluated for the production of ε-PL by Streptomyces ahygroscopicus GIM8. Results showed that ε-PL production in the flask cultures decreased from 0.84 to 0.38–0.56 g/L upon immobilization on loofah sponge with different amounts (0.5–3 g in 50 mL medium in a flask). By applying continuous ISPR to the immobilized flask cultures, ε-PL production as high as 3.51 g/L was obtained compared to 0.51 g/L of the control. A satisfactory titer of 1.84 g/L ε-PL could also be achieved with intermittent ISRP (three cycles of ISPR operation during cultivation). Further investigation showed that low levels of ε-PL retained in the broth appeared to favor its biosynthesis. In the repeated-batch fermentation in a 5 L immobilized bioreactor, with continuous ISPR, the final average ε-PL concentration and productivity were 3.35 g/L and 0.797 g/L/day, respectively, and 3.18 g/L and 0.756 g/L/day for the alternative (intermittent ISPR), in comparison to 1.16 g/L and 0.277 g/L/day with no ISPR usage. In the fed-batch fermentation with immobilized cells, the combined use of intermittent ISPR and extra nutrient feeding increased ε-PL concentration and productivity up to 24.57 g/L and 9.34 g/L/day. The fermentation processes developed could serve as an effective approach for ε-PL production and, moreover, the combination could greatly simplify downstream processing for ε-PL separation and purification.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Key Cultivating Program of Ningde Normal University (2018ZDK01) and the Industry-Leading Program of the Science and Technology Bureau of Fujian Province (2015N0032).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science, and Fujian Higher Education Research Center for Local Biological Resources, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, Fujian, China

    Sheng-Rong Liu

  2. Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China

    Xiao-Juan Yang

  3. Guizhou Institute of Products Quality Inspection & Testing, Guiyang, 550016, China

    Duan-Fang Sun

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Correspondence to Sheng-Rong Liu.

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Liu, SR., Yang, XJ. & Sun, DF. Enhanced production of ε-poly-l-lysine by immobilized Streptomyces ahygroscopicus through repeated-batch or fed-batch fermentation with in situ product removal. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 44, 2109–2120 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-021-02587-7

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