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Exogenous Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate, a Plant Growth Regulator, Highly Improved the Salinity Tolerance of Important Medicinal Plant Cassia obtusifolia L.

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Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of DA-6 in alleviating the salinity inhibition of Cassia obtusifolia L. seeds and seedlings. NaCl (100 mM) was used to mimic salinity stress in a series of experiments. Varying combinations of DA-6 were added to seeds and seedlings under salinity stress. Seed germination indices and seedling parameters were investigated. Seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited under salinity stress. NaCl-induced inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth were ameliorated by DA-6 with different concentrations. Addition of DA-6 to seeds (50 µM) and seedlings (100 µM) significantly alleviated damage to the plant cells under salinity stress. DA-6 (regardless of the presence or absence of NaCl) enhanced chlorophyll concentration, total soluble sugars, free proline, and soluble protein, and improved photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency levels (F v/F m), PSII actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and the photochemical quench coefficient. In contrast, the initial fluorescence (F o) and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient decreased. Application of DA-6 also enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), peroxidase (POD; EC 1.11.1.7), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11), and glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2), thus alleviating oxidative damage, as indicated by decreases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide concentration (H2O2), relative conductivity, and lipoxygenase activity (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12). Based on the experimental results, we conclude that DA-6 induces advantageous effects on the attenuation of salt-stress inhibition of C. obtusifolia seeds and seedlings and alleviates oxidative damage by conferring beneficial cytoprotection and activating antioxidant enzymes. DA-6 can be used as an effective plant growth regulator to alleviate salinity stress.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31300222 and 81302744), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20130214), Natural Science Foundation of the Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province (No. 13KJB180025), Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (No. cstc2013jcyjA50012), Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (No. KJ130820), and the New Teacher Foundation of Chongqing University of Technology (No. 2012ZD24).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221004, People’s Republic of China

    Chunping Zhang, Yan Li, Huankai Yao, Jingyu Duan & Hui Zhou

  2. State Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Key Laboratory (Ministry of Education) of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People’s Republic of China

    Ping He

  3. Department of Biology and Center for Chinese Medicine Research, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, People’s Republic of China

    Yicun Li

  4. School of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, People’s Republic of China

    Shijun Hu

  5. School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, People’s Republic of China

    Shuo Li

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  1. Chunping Zhang
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Zhang, C., He, P., Li, Y. et al. Exogenous Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate, a Plant Growth Regulator, Highly Improved the Salinity Tolerance of Important Medicinal Plant Cassia obtusifolia L.. J Plant Growth Regul 35, 330–344 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-015-9536-3

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