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Direct and indirect organogenesis of Clivia miniata and assessment of DNA methylation changes in various regenerated plantlets

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Abstract

Clivia miniata is an important indoor ornamental plant and has been reported to have medicinal value. We developed an efficient in vitro micropropagation protocol from young leaves (indirect organogenesis), young petals (indirect organogenesis) and shoot tips (direct organogenesis) of this plant. Using young leaves and shoot tips as explants, the regeneration frequencies were much higher than those in previous investigation and the regeneration was dependent upon less nutrition. We speculated that the leaf-derived callus can generate amino acids necessary for protein synthesis by itself. We employed the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) method to assess cytosine methylation variation in various regenerated plantlets and between organs. The MSAP profiles indicated that the frequency of somaclonal variation in the form of cytosine methylation was highest in petal-derived plantlets followed by secondary leaf-derived, primary leaf-derived and shoot tip-derived plantlets, but the methylation variation in petal-derived plantlets was lower than between petals and leaves of a single plant. The results indicated that the methylation variation in regenerated plantlets was related to the types of explants, regeneration pathways and number of regeneration generations. Two possible factors for the highest somaclonal variation rate in petal-derived plantlets are the callus phase and petal-specific set of epigenetic regulators. The property of meristem integrity can account for the lowest variation rate in shoot tip-derived plantlets. Moreover, the secondary plantlets underwent a longer total period of in vitro culture, which can explain why the methylation variation rate in the secondary plantlets is higher than in the primary ones.

Key message Methylation variation in regenerated plantlets of C. miniata was found to be related to the types of explants, regeneration pathways and number of regeneration generations.

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Abbreviations

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

KT:

Kinetin

NAA:

α-Naphthaleneacetic acid

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

MSAP:

Methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department of China (20110260), Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20100043110008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970280, 31170276). Professor Bao Liu (Laboratory of Plant Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, China) kindly provided the facilities for MSAP analysis.

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  1. Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People’s Republic of China

    Qin-Mei Wang, Yu-Zhang Wang, Li-Li Sun, Feng-Zhan Gao, Wei Sun, Jing He, Xiang Gao & Li Wang

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  1. Qin-Mei Wang
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  2. Yu-Zhang Wang
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  8. Li Wang
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Correspondence to Xiang Gao or Li Wang.

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Communicated by J. Zou.

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Wang, QM., Wang, YZ., Sun, LL. et al. Direct and indirect organogenesis of Clivia miniata and assessment of DNA methylation changes in various regenerated plantlets. Plant Cell Rep 31, 1283–1296 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-012-1248-6

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