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Chromosomal Positions of 5S and 45S rDNA in Some Iranian Fritillaria (Liliaceae) Species

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Abstract

The present investigation systematically examined the distribution of 5S and 45S rDNA sites in six distinct Fritillaria species, all characterized as diploid with 2n = 2x = 24 chromosomes. Fritillaria assyriaca ecotypes displayed variable numbers of B chromosomes (Bs), ranging from one to four, while F. zagrica exhibited two additional B chromosomes. Terminal or sub-terminal chromosomal regions harbored one to two pairs of 5S rDNA sites. Regarding 45S rDNA sites, F. raddeana featured a singular pair, F. assyriaca, F. zagrica, and F. persica exhibited three pairs, F. avromanica presented four pairs, and F. chlorantha displayed eight pairs, predominantly situated distally, except for F. raddeana and F. chlorantha, which demonstrated interstitial and sub-terminal locations, respectively. Chromosome and karyotype indices facilitated the identification of, F. avromanica and F. chlorantha as species with the most symmetrical and asymmetrical chromosomes, respectively. Cluster analysis of the karyotype similarity matrix revealed incongruities between the observed number and distribution of rDNA sites and the established taxonomic classifications, particularly notable in F. chlorantha within the Fritillaria subgenus. The results provide significant insights into the genetic diversity and karyotype characteristics of Fritillaria, challenging conventional taxonomic frameworks. The observed variations in the numbers and locations of rDNA sites underscore the necessity for a nuanced understanding of genetic relationships within the Fritillaria subgenus.

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Data Availability

All chromosome slides is available in faculty of agriculture, cytogenetic lab. The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study is available.

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Acknowledgements

We deeply thank M. Advay (University of Tehran) for providing the seeds of some Fritillaria samples.

Funding

The present research was carried out by the grant provided for MSc students by the University of Kurdistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

    Neda Seifoori & Shahla Hosseini

  2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

    Ghader Mirzaghaderi

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  1. Neda Seifoori
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  2. Ghader Mirzaghaderi
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  3. Shahla Hosseini
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In this manuscript, Neda Seifoori has done the experimental work; Ghader Mirzaghaderi and shahla Hosseini analyzed, interpreted, wrote the results, and reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shahla Hosseini.

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Seifoori, N., Mirzaghaderi, G. & Hosseini, S. Chromosomal Positions of 5S and 45S rDNA in Some Iranian Fritillaria (Liliaceae) Species. Plant Mol Biol Rep (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-024-01467-0

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