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Optical spectroscopy methods for the characterization of sol–gel materials

  • Invited Review: Characterization methods of sol-gel and hybrid materials
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Abstract

This paper reviews the main techniques of optical spectroscopy used for the characterization of sol-gel materials in different forms, including a brief description of instrumentation, followed by a series of selected examples from the literature that illustrate the main methodologies and results which can be obtained and including the main advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches adopted. The review includes separate sections on UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, M-line spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and photoluminescence spectroscopy.

Highlights

  • This paper reviews the main techniques of optical spectroscopy for the characterization of sol–gel materials.

  • UV/Vis/NIR, M-line, Infrared, Raman and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy are highlighted, as well as Spectroscopic Ellipsometry.

  • Instrumentation, advantages and disadvantages, and selected examples are described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CERENA, DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal

    Ana C. Marques

  2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate 5, 19180, Tallinn, Estonia

    Rocío Estefanía Rojas-Hernandez

  3. Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal

    Rui M. Almeida

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Marques, A.C., Rojas-Hernandez, R.E. & Almeida, R.M. Optical spectroscopy methods for the characterization of sol–gel materials. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 100, 1–43 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05592-0

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