Abstract
Due to frequently changing global climatic conditions, the frequency of abiotic stresses such as unexpected flooding, drought, different temperature regimes leading high or low temperature, soil salinization, and nutrient deficiency or toxicity has been dramatically increased. These stresses are important threats to sustainable agriculture causing numerous direct and indirect effects on plants ultimately influence the quantity and quality of food crops. However, plants are equipped with array of internal methods for coping with devastating impacts of stress including production of antioxidants, osmoprotectants, proteins, phytohormones, relocation of nitrogen, phosphorus etc. Phytohormones in general play crucial role in the regulation of various physiological and biochemical processes in terms of plant growth, development, and productivity under normal as well as stressful conditions. Adaptation and resistance towards these stresses need sophisticated perception, signalling, and responsive mechanisms. In this review, we go through recent developments in comprehension how jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) control abiotic stress responses in plants. Interaction of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with the roots of higher plants alters the concentration of endogenous phytohormones and exemplifies a novel pattern of hormonal interaction. PGPR help plants withstand abiotic stressors by altering the sensitivity to response and controlling the production of phytohormones. Since they activate signalling pathways, the interaction of phytohormones is essential for the survival of plants under adverse conditions and emphasis is given on the crosstalk of JA, SA, and PGPRs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdelgawad ZA, Khalafaallah AA, Abdallah MM (2014) Impact of methyl jasmonate on antioxidant activity and some biochemical aspects of maize plant grown under water stress condition. Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2014.512117
Acevedo AFG, da Silva Gomes JW, Avilez AA, Sarria SD, Broetto F, Vieites RL, de Souza Guimarães MLC (2023) Foliar salicylic acid application to mitigate the effect of water deficiency on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Plant Stress 7:100–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2023.100135
Ahemad M, Kibret M (2014) Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: current perspective. J King Saud Univ Sci 26:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2013.05.001
Ahmad F, Kamal A, Singh A, Ashfaque F, Alamri S, Siddiqui MH (2020) Salicylic acid modulates antioxidant system, defense metabolites, and expression of salt transporter genes in Pisum sativum under salinity stress. J Plant Growth Regul 24:1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10271-5
Ahmad N, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Hussain I, Yang X (2023) Insights on phytohormonal crosstalk in plant response to nitrogen stress: a focus on plant root growth and development. Int J Mol Sci 24(4):3631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043631
Ahmad A, Aslam Z, Naz M, Hussain S, Javed T, Aslam S, Raza A, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Salem MZ (2021) Exogenous salicylic acid-induced drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under hydroponic culture. PLoS ONE, 16:e0260556. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260556
Ajijah N, Fiodor A, Pandey AK, Rana A, Pranaw K (2023) Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) with biofilm-forming ability: a multifaceted agent for sustainable agriculture. Diversity 15(1):112. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15010112
Alhoshan M, Zahedi M, Ramin AA, Sabzalian MR (2019) Exogene Anwendung von Salizylsäure und Glycin-Betain als Tools zur Förderung der Biomasse und der Toleranz von Kartoffelsorten. Gesunde Pflanzen 71:25–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-018-00438-2
Alhaithloul HAS, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Soliman MH (2020) Abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants: role of phytohormones. Abiotic stress in plants, 233.
Ali MS, Baek KH (2020) Jasmonic acid signaling pathway in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Int J Mol Sci 21:621. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020621
Ali B, Gill RA (2022) Editorial: Heavy metal toxicity in plants: recent insights on physiological and molecular aspects, vol II. Front Plant Sci 13:1016257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1016257
Ali Q, Ahmad M, Kamran M, Ashraf S, Shabaan M, Babar BH, Elshikh MS (2023) Synergistic effects of Rhizobacteria and salicylic acid on maize salt-stress tolerance. Plants 12(13):2519. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132519
Allu AD, Brotman Y, Xue GP, Balazadeh S (2016) Transcription factor ANAC032 modulates JA/SA signalling in response to Pseudomonas syringae infection. EMBO Rep 17:1578–1589. https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.201642197
Angourani HR, Yangajeh JP, BolandNazar S, Saba J, Nahandi FZ (2017) The effects of exogenous salicylic acid on some quantitative and qualitative attributes of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Styriaca) under drought stress. Adv Bioresour 8:242–249. https://doi.org/10.15515/abr.0976-4585.8.2.242249
Angulo-Bejarano PI, Puente-Rivera J, Cruz-Ortega R (2021) Metal and metalloid toxicity in plants: an overview on molecular aspects. Plants 10(4):635. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040635
Anjum SA, Tanveer M, Hussain S, Tung SA, Samad RA, Wang L, Khan I, Rehman NU, Shah AN, Shahzad B (2016) Exogenously applied methyl jasmonate improves the drought tolerance in wheat imposed at early and late developmental stages. Acta Physiol Plant 38:1–1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-015-2047-9
Azizoglu U, Yilmaz N, Simsek O, Ibal JC, Tagele SB, Shin JH (2021) The fate of plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria in soilless agriculture: Future perspectives. 3 Biotech 11:1–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02941-2
Backer R, Rokem JS, Ilangumaran G, Lamont J, Praslickova D, Ricci E (2018) Plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria: context, mechanisms Yuof action, and roadmap to commercialization of biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. Front Plant Sci 871:1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01473
Bali S, Kaur P, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Thukral AK, Bhardwaj R, Wijaya L, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P (2018) Jasmonic acid induced changes in physio-biochemical attributes and ascorbate-glutathione pathway in Lycopersicon esculentum under lead stress at different growth stages. Sci Total Environ 645:1344–1360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.164
Bali S, Jamwal VL, Kohli SK, Kaur P, Tejpal R, Bhalla V, Ohri P, Gandhi SG, Bhardwaj R, Al-Huqail AA, Siddiqui MH (2019) Jasmonic acid application triggers detoxification of lead (Pb) toxicity in tomato through the modifications of secondary metabolites and gene expression. Chemosphere 235:734–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.188
Balmer A, Pastor V, Gamir J, Flors V, Mauch-Mani B (2015) The ‘prime-ome’: towards a holistic approach to priming. Trends Plant Sci 20(7):443–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.04.002
Basso V, Kohler A, Miyauchi S, Singan V, Guinet F, Šimura J, Novák O, Barry KW, Amirebrahimi M, Block J, Daguerre Y (2020) An ectomycorrhizal fungus alters sensitivity to jasmonate, salicylate, gibberellin, and ethylene in host roots. Plant Cell Environ 43:1047–1068. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13702
Bogati K, Walczak M (2022) The impact of drought stress on soil microbial community, enzyme activities and plants. Agronomy 12:189. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010189
Boudsocq M, Sheen J (2013) CDPKs in immune and stress signaling. Trends Plant Sci 18:30–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2012.08.008
Bowya T, Balachandar D (2020) Harnessing PGPR inoculation through exogenous foliar application of salicylic acid and microbial extracts for improving rice growth. J Basic Microbiol 60:950–961. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.202000405
Bukhat S, Imran A, Javaid S, Shahid M, Majeed A, Naqqash T (2020) Communication of plants with microbial world: exploring the regulatory networks for PGPR mediated defense signaling. Microbiol Res 238:126486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2020.126486
Calicioglu O, Flammini A, Bracco S, Bellù L, Sims R (2019) The future challenges of food and agriculture: an integrated analysis of trends and solutions. Sustainability 11:222. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010222
Cappellari LDR, Santoro MV, Schmidt A, Gershenzon J, Banchio E (2019) Improving phenolic total content and monoterpene in Mentha × piperita by using salicylic acid or methyl jasmonate combined with Rhizobacteria inoculation. Int J Mol Sci 21:50. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010050
Chen Z, Fang X, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhou Y, Cui X (2021) Overexpression of transcription factor GmTGA15 enhances drought tolerance in transgenic soybean hairy roots and Arabidopsis plants. Agronomy 11:170. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010170
Chen H, Bullock DA Jr, Alonso JM, Stepanova AN (2022) To fight or to grow: the balancing role of ethylene in plant abiotic stress responses. Plants 11:33. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010033
Chen D, Saeed M, Ali MNHA, Raheel M, Ashraf W, Hassan Z, Hassan MZ, Farooq U, Hakim MF, Rao MJ (2023) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi combined application reveals enhanced soil fertility and rice production. Agronomy 13:550. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020550
Chieb M, Gachomo EW (2023) role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in plant drought stress responses. BMC Plant Biol 23(1):407. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04403-8
Chinnusamy V, Schumaker K, Zhu JK (2004) Molecular genetic perspectives on cross-talk and specificity in abiotic stress signalling in plants. J Expert Bot 55(395):225–236. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh005
Conn VM, Walker AR, Franco CMM (2008) Endophytic actinobacteria induce defense pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 21:208–218. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-21-2-0208
Csiszár J, Horváth E, Váry Z, Gallé Á, Bela K, Brunner S (2014) Glutathione transferase supergene family in tomato: salt stress-regulated expression of representative genes from distinct GST classes in plants primed with salicylic acid. Plant Physiol Biochem 78:15–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.02.010
Dai H, Wei S, Pogrzeba M, Rusinowski S, Krzyżak J, Jia G (2020) Exogenous jasmonic acid decreased Cu accumulation by alfalfa and improved its photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant system. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 190:110–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110176
Dawood MF, Zaid A, Latef AAHA (2022) Salicylic acid spraying-induced resilience strategies against the damaging impacts of drought and/or salinity stress in two varieties of Vicia faba L. seedlings. J Plant Growth Regul 41:1919–1942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10381-8
de Andrade LA, Santos CHB, Frezarin ET, Sales LR, Rigobelo EC (2023) Plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria for sustainable agricultural production. Microorganisms 11(4):1088. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041088
del Carmen O-M, Glick BR, Santoyo G (2020) ACC deaminase in plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB): an efficient mechanism to counter salt stress in crops. Microbiol Res 235:126439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2020.126439
Cristina MS, Petersen M, Mundy J (2010) Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in plants. Ann Rev Plant Bio61:621–49. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112252
Denancé N, Sánchez-Vallet A, Goffner D, Molina A (2013) Disease resistance or growth: the role of plant hormones in balancing immune responses and fitness costs. Front Plant Sci 4:155. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00155
Ding P, Ding Y (2020) Stories of salicylic acid: a plant defense hormone. Trends Plant Sci 25:549–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2020.01.004
Dodd IC, Pérez-Alfocea F (2012) Microbial amelioration of crop salinity stress. J Exp Bot 63:3415–3428. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers033
Dodd AN, Kudla J, Sanders D (2010) The language of calcium signaling. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:593–620. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-070109-104628
Du M, Zhai Q, Deng L, Li S, Li H, Yan L, Huang Z, Wang B, Jiang H, Huang T, Li CB (2014) Closely related NAC transcription factors of tomato differentially regulate stomatal closure and reopening during pathogen attack. Plant Cell 26:3167–3184. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.128272
El-Samad HMA, Shaddad MAK, Ragaey MM (2019) Drought strategy tolerance of four barley cultivars and combined effect with salicylic acid application. Am J Plant Sci 10:512–535. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2019.104037
Etesami H, Alikhani HA, Hosseini HM (2015) Indole 3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase: Bacterial traits required in rhizosphere, rhizoplane and/or endophytic competence by beneficial bacteria. In: Maheshwari DK (ed) Bacterial metabolites in sustainable agroecosystem. Springer, Cham, pp 183–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24654-3_8
Fadiji AE, Santoyo G, Yadav AN, Babalola OO (2022) Efforts towards overcoming drought stress in crops: revisiting the mechanisms employed by plant growth-promoting bacteria. Front Microbiol 13:962427. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.962427
Fahad S, Hussain S, Bano A, Saud S, Hassan S, Shan D, Khan FA, Khan F, Chen Y, Wu C, Tabassum MA (2015) Potential role of phytohormones and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in abiotic stresses: consequences for changing environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:4907–4921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3754-2
Farhangi-Abriz S, Ghassemi-Golezani K (2018) How can salicylic acid and jasmonic acid mitigate salt toxicity in soybean plants? Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 147:1010–1016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.070
Fazli M, Almblad H, Rybtke ML, Givskov M, Eberl L, Tolker-Nielsen T (2014) Regulation of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas and Burkholderia species. Environ Microbiol 16:1961–1981. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12448
Fetsiukh A, Conrad J, Bergquist J, Ayele F, Timmusk S (2020) Silica particles trigger the production of exopolysaccharides in harsh environment plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and increase their ability to enhance drought tolerance. bioRxiv.
Fonseca S, Chini A, Hamberg M, Adie B, Porzel A, Kramell R, Miersch O, Wasternack C, Solano R (2009) (+)-7-iso-Jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine is the endogenous bioactive jasmonate. Nat Chem Biol 5:344–350. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.161
Galviz YC, Bortolin GS, Guidorizi KA, Deuner S, Reolon F, de Moraes DM (2021) Effectiveness of seed priming and soil drench with salicylic acid on tomato growth, physiological and biochemical responses to severe water deficit. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 21:2364–2377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00528-7
Gao Z, Gao S, Li P, Zhang Y, Ma B, Wang Y (2021) Exogenous methyl jasmonate promotes salt stress-induced growth inhibition and prioritizes defense response of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. Physiol Plant 172:162–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13314
Gatz C (2013) From pioneers to team players: TGA transcription factors provide a molecular link between different stress pathways. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 26:151–159. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-04-12-0078-IA
Geddie JL, Sutherland IW (1993) Uptake of metals by bacterial polysaccharides. J Appl Bacteriol 74:467–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb05155.x
Gharbi E, Martínez JP, Benahmed H, Fauconnier ML, Lutts S, Quinet M (2016) Salicylic acid differently impacts ethylene and polyamine synthesis in the glycophyte Solanum lycopersicum and the wild-related halophyte Solanum chilense exposed to mild salt stress. Physiol Plant 158:152–167. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12458
Ghassemi-Golezani K, Farhangi-Abriz S (2018a) Foliar sprays of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid stimulate H+-ATPase activity of tonoplast, nutrient uptake and salt tolerance of soybean. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 166:18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.059
Ghassemi-Golezani K, Farhangi-Abriz S (2018b) Changes in oil accumulation and fatty acid composition of soybean seeds under salt stress in response to salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. Russ J Plant Physiol 65:229–236. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718020115
Ghorbel M, Brini F, Sharma A, Landi M (2021) Role of jasmonic acid in plants: the molecular point of view. Plant Cell Rep 40:1471–1494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-021-02687-4
Ghosh D, Gupta A, Mohapatra S (2019) Dynamics of endogenous hormone regulation in plants by phytohormone secreting rhizobacteria under water-stress. Symbiosis 77:265–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-018-00589-w
Gill SS, Tuteja N (2010) Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 48(12):909–930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016
Giri K, Mishra G, Suyal DC, Kumar N, Doley B, Das N, Baruah RC, Bhattacharyya R, Bora N (2023) Performance evaluation of native plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for paddy yield enhancement in the jhum fields of Mokokchung, Nagaland, North East India. Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14588
Glick BR (1995) The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Can J Microbiol 41:109–117. https://doi.org/10.1139/m95-015
Gomez MY, Schroeder MM, Chieb M, McLain NK, Gachomo EW (2023) Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3 promotes salt tolerance through jasmonic acid priming in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC Plant Biol 23:60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03977-z
Górnik K, Badowiec A, Weidner S (2014) The effect of seed conditioning, short-term heat shock and salicylic, jasmonic acid or brasinolide on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) chilling resistance and polysome formation. Acta Physiol Plant 36:2547–2554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1626-5
Goswami M, Suresh DEKA (2020) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria—alleviators of abiotic stresses in soil: a review. Pedosphere 30:40–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(19)60839-8
Goswami D, Thakker JN, Dhandhukia PC (2015) Simultaneous detection and quantification of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) produced by rhizobacteria from l-tryptophan (Trp) using HPTLC. J Microbiol Methods 110:7–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.001
Gowtham HG, Singh B, Murali M, Shilpa N, Prasad M, Aiyaz M, Niranjana SR (2020) Induction of drought tolerance in tomato upon the application of ACC deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis Rhizo SF 48. Microbiol Res 234:126422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2020.126422
Guo B, Liu C, Liang Y, Li N, Fu Q (2019) Salicylic acid signals plant defence against cadmium toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 20:2960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122960
Gupta S, Gupta M (2016) Alleviation of selenium toxicity in Brassica juncea L.: salicylic acid-mediated modulation in toxicity indicators, stress modulators, and sulfur-related gene transcripts. Protoplasma 253:1515–1528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0908-0
Gupta S, Seth CS (2021) Salicylic acid alleviates chromium (VI) toxicity by restricting its uptake, improving photosynthesis and augmenting antioxidant defense in Solanum lycopersicum L. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27:2651–2664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01088-x
Hafez E, Omara AED, Ahmed A (2019) The coupling effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and salicylic acid on physiological modifications, yield traits, and productivity of wheat under water deficient conditions. Agronomy 9(9):524. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090524
Hewedy OA, Elsheery NI, Karkour AM, Elhamouly N, Arafa RA, Mahmoud GA, Dawood MF, Hussein WE, Mansour A, Amin DH, Allakhverdiev SI (2023) Jasmonic acid regulates plant development and orchestrates stress response during tough times. Environ Expert Bot 208:105260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2023.105260
Hou S, Tsuda K (2022) Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid crosstalk in plant immunity. Essays Biochem 66(5):647–656. https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20210090
İbrahimova U, Kumari P, Yadav S, Rastogi A, Antala M, Suleymanova Z, Zivcak M, Arif TU, Hussain S, Abdelhamid M (2021) Progress in understanding salt stress response in plants using biotechnological tools. J Biotechnol 329:180–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.007
Ilangumaran G, Smith DL (2017) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in amelioration of salinity stress: a systems biology perspective. Front Plant Sci 23(8):1768. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01768
Ilyas N, Gull R, Mazhar R, Saeed M, Kanwal S, Shabir S, Bibi F (2017) Influence of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid on wheat under drought stress. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 48:2715–2723. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2017.1418370
Imran K, Seleiman MF, Chattha MU, Jalal RS, Mahmood F, Hassan FA, HASSAN MU (2021) Enhancing antioxidant defense system of mung bean with a salicylic acid exogenous application to mitigate cadmium toxicity. Not Bot Horti Agrobot Cluj Napoca 49(2):12303–12303. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha49212303
Iqbal N, Fatma M, Gautam H, Sehar Z, Rasheed F, Khan MIR, Sofo A, Khan NA (2022) Salicylic acid increases photosynthesis of drought Grown mustard plants effectively with sufficient-N via regulation of ethylene, abscisic acid, and nitrogen-use efficiency. J Plant Growth Regul 41:1966–1977. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10565-2
Jafari SH, Arani AM, Esfahani ST (2023) The combined effects of rhizobacteria and methyl jasmonate on rosmarinic acid production and gene expression profile in Origanum vulgare L. under salinity conditions. J Plant Growth Regul 42:1472–1487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-022-10632-2
Jannesar M, Seyedi SM, Niknam V, GhadirzadehKhorzoghi E, Ebrahimzadeh H (2022) Salicylic acid, as a positive regulator of isochorismate synthase, reduces the negative effect of salt stress on Pistacia vera L. by increasing photosynthetic pigments and inducing antioxidant activity. J Plant Growth Regul 41:1304–1315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10383-6
Jarocka-Karpowicz I, Markowska A (2021) Jasmonate compounds and their derivatives in the regulation of the neoplastic processes. Molecules 26(10):2901. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102901
Jeschke WD, Wolf O (1988) External potassium is not required for root growth in saline conditions: experiments with Ricinus communis L. growth in a reciprocal split-root system. J Exp Bot 39:1149–1167. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/39.9.1149
Jiang M, Xu F, Peng M, Huang F, Meng F (2016) Methyl jasmonate regulated diploid and tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) tolerance to salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant 38:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2120-z
Jones B, Ljung K (2011) Auxin and cytokinin regulate each other’s levels via a metabolic feedback loop. Plant Signal Behav 6(6):901–904. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.6.6.15323
Ju C, Yoon GM, Shemansky JM, Lin DY, Ying ZI, Chang J, Garrett WM, Kessenbrock M, Groth G, Tucker ML, Cooper B (2012) CTR1 phosphorylates the central regulator EIN2 to control ethylene hormone signaling from the ER membrane to the nucleus in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:19486–19491. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214848109
Kamran M, Wang D, Alhaithloul HA, Alghanem SM, Aftab T, Xie K, Lu Y, Shi C, Sun J, Gu W, Xu P, Soliman MH (2021) Jasmonic acid-mediated enhanced regulation of oxidative, glyoxalase defense system and reduced chromium uptake contributes to alleviation of chromium (VI) toxicity in choysum (Brassica parachinensis L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 208:111758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111758
Kamran M, Xie K, Sun J, Wang D, ShiC, Lu Y, Xu P (2020) Modulation of growth performance and coordinated induction of ascorbate-glutathione and methylglyoxal detoxification systems by salicylic acid mitigates salt toxicity in choysum (Brassica parachinensis L.). Ecotoxicoland environ saf 188:109877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109877
Kang SM, Radhakrishnan R, Khan AL, Kim MJ, Park JM, Kim BR (2014) Gibberellin secreting Rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas putida H-2-3 modulates the hormonal and stress physiology of soybean to improve the plant growth under saline and drought conditions. Plant Physiol Biochem 84:115–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.09.001
Kang SM, Adhikari A, Khan MA, Kwon EH, Park YS, Lee IJ (2021) Influence of the rhizobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides KE149 and biochar on waterlogging stress tolerance in Glycine max L. Environments 8:94. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8090094
Karthik C, Elangovan N, Kumar TS, Govindharaju S, Barathi S, Oves M, Arulselvi PI (2017) Characterization of multifarious plant growth promoting traits of rhizobacterial strain AR6 under Chromium (VI) stress. Microbiol Res 204:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2017.07.008
Kasim WA, Gaafar RM, Abou-Ali RM, Omar MN, Hewait HM (2016) Effect of biofilm forming plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on salinity tolerance in barley. Ann Agric Sci 61:217–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aoas.2016.07.003
Kasotia A, Varma A, Tuteja N, Choudhary DK (2016) Amelioration of soybean plant from saline-induced condition by exopolysaccharide producing Pseudomonas-mediated expression of high affinity K+-transporter (HKT1) gene. Curr Sci 12:1961–1967
Kaya C (2021) Nitrate reductase is required for salicylic acid-induced water stress tolerance of pepper by upraising the AsA-GSH pathway and glyoxalase system. Physiol Plant 172:351–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13153
Kesawat MS, Satheesh N, Kherawat BS, Kumar A, Kim H-U, Chung S-M, Kumar M (2023) Regulation of reactive oxygen species during salt stress in plants and their crosstalk with other signaling molecules—current perspectives and future directions. Plants 12:864. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040864
Khalvandi M, Siosemardeh A, Roohi E, Keramati S (2021) Salicylic acid alleviated the effect of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and leaf protein pattern in winter wheat. Heliyon 7:e05908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05908
Khan MIR, Syeed S, Nazar R, Anjum NA (2012) An insight into the role of salicylic acid and Jasmonic acid in salt stress tolerance. In: Phytohormones and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Springer, Berlin, pp 277–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25829-9
Khan N, Bano A, Zandi P (2018) Effects of exogenously applied plant growth regulators in combination with PGPR on the physiology and root growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and their role in drought tolerance. J Plant Interact 13:239–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2018.1471527
Khan N, Bano A, Ali S, Babar MA (2020) Crosstalk amongst phytohormones from planta and PGPR under biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant Growth Regul 90:189–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-020-00571-x
Klingler JP, Batelli G, Zhu JK (2010) ABA receptors: the START of a new paradigm in phytohormone signalling. J Exp Bot 61:3199–3210. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq151
Kohli SK, Handa N, Kaur R (2017) Role of salicylic acid in heavy metal stress tolerance: insight into underlying mechanism. In: Nazar R, Iqbal N, Khan N (eds) Salicylic acid: a multifaceted hormone. Springer, Singapore, pp 123–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6068-7_7
Kolupaev YE, Yastreb TO, Dmitriev AP (2023) Signal mediators in the implementation of jasmonic acid’s protective effect on plants under abiotic stresses. Plants 12(14):2631. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142631
Kopecká R, Kameniarová M, Černý M, Brzobohatý B, Novák J (2023) Abiotic stress in crop production. Int J Mol Sci 24(7):6603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076603
Kumar A, Patel JS, Meena VS, Srivastava R (2019) Recent advances of PGPR based approaches for stress tolerance in plants for sustainable agriculture. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 20:101271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101271
Kumari VV, Banerjee P, Verma VC, Sukumaran S, Chandran MA, Gopinath KA, Venkatesh G, Yadav SK, Singh VK, Awasthi NK (2022) Plant nutrition: an effective way to alleviate abiotic stress in agricultural crops. Int J Mol Sci 23(15):8519. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158519
Kuo HY, Kang FC, Wang YY (2020) Glucosinolate Transporter1 involves in salt-induced jasmonate signaling and alleviates the repression of lateral root growth by salt in Arabidopsis. Plant Sci 297:110487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110487
La VH, Lee BR, Zhang Q, Park SH, Islam MT, Kim TH (2019) Salicylic acid improves drought-stress tolerance by regulating the redox status and proline metabolism in Brassica rapa. Hortic Environ Biotechnol 60:31–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-018-0099-7
Lei GJ, Sun L, Sun Y, Zhu XF, Li GX, Zheng SJ (2020) Jasmonic acid alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis via suppression of cadmium uptake and translocation. J Integr Plant Biol 62:218–227. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12801
Leontidou K, Genitsaris S, Papadopoulou A, Kamou N, Bosmali I, Matsi T (2020) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from halophytes and drought-tolerant plants: genomic characterisation and exploration of phyto-beneficial traits. Sci Rep 10:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71652-0
Li Y, Qin L, Zhao J, Muhammad T, Cao H, Li H, Zhang Y, Liang Y (2017) SlMAPK3 enhances tolerance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) by regulating salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). PLoS ONE 12:e0172466. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172466
Li N, Han X, Feng D, Yuan D, Huang LJ (2019a) Signaling crosstalk between salicylic acid and ethylene/jasmonate in plant defense: do we understand what they are whispering? Int J Mol Sci 20:671. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030671
Li Q, Wang G, Wang Y, Yang D, Guan C, Ji J (2019b) Foliar application of salicylic acid alleviate the cadmium toxicity by modulation the reactive oxygen species in potato. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 172:317–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.078
Li C, Xu M, Cai X, Han Z, Si J, Chen D (2022) Jasmonate signaling pathway modulates plant defense, growth, and their trade-offs. Int J Mol Sci 23(7):3945. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073945
Liu X, Hou X (2018) Antagonistic regulation of ABA and GA in metabolism and signaling pathways. Front Plant Sci 9:251. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00251
Liu L, Sonbol FM, Huot B, Gu Y, Withers J, Mwimba M, Yao J, He SY, Dong X (2016) Salicylic acid receptors activate jasmonic acid signalling through a non-canonical pathway to promote effector-triggered immunity. Nat Commun 7:13099. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13099
Lu X, Liu SF, Yue L, Zhao X, Zhang YB, Xie ZK, Wang RY (2018) Epsc involved in the encoding of exopolysaccharides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 act to boost the drought tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 219:3795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123795
Lymperopoulos P, Msanne J, Rabara R (2018) Phytochrome and phytohormones: working in tandem for plant growth and development. Front Plant Sci 9:1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01037
Mahmood A, Amaya R, Turgay OC, Yaprak AE, Taniguchi T, Kataoka R (2019) High salt tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from the common ice-plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. Rhizosphere 9:10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2018.10.004
Majumdar S, Sachdev S, Kundu R (2020) Salicylic acid mediated reduction in grain cadmium accumulation and amelioration of toxicity in Oryza sativa L. cv. Bandana. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 205:111167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111167
Mariotti L, Scartazza A, Curadi M, Picciarelli P, Toffanin A (2021) Azospirillum baldaniorum sp245 induces physiological responses to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress in purple basil. Plan Theory 10:1141. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061141
Marquis V, Smirnova E, Poirier L, Zumsteg J, Schweizer F, Reymond P, Heitz T (2020) Stress- and pathway-specific impacts of impaired jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) catabolism on defense signalling and biotic stress resistance. Plant Cell Environ 43:1558–1570. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13753
Mockaitis K, Howell SH (2000) Auxin induces mitogenic activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in roots of Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant J 24:785–796. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2000.00921.x
Mohanty P, Singh PK, Chakraborty D, Mishra S, Pattnaik R (2021) Insight into the role of PGPR in sustainable agriculture and environment. Front Sustain Food Syst 5:1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.667150
Morcillo RJL, Manzanera M (2021) The effects of plant-associated bacterial exopolysaccharides on plant abiotic stress tolerance. Metabolites 11(6):337. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060337
Mostofa MG, Rahman M, Ansary M, Uddin M, Fujita M, Tran LSP (2019) Interactive effects of salicylic acid and nitric oxide in enhancing rice tolerance to cadmium stress. Int J Mol Sci 20:5798. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225798
Mou Z, Fan W, Dong X (2003) Inducers of plant systemic acquired resistance regulate NPR1 function through redox changes. Cell 113:935–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00429-X
Mukherjee P, Mitra A, Roy M (2019) Halomonas rhizobacteria of Avicennia marina of Indian Sundarbans promote rice growth under saline and heavy metal stresses through exopolysaccharide production. Front Microbiol 10:1207. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01207
Narayanan M, Ma Y (2022) Metal tolerance mechanisms in plants and microbe-mediated bioremediation. Environ Res 222:115413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115413
Nascimento FX, Rossi MJ, Soares CR, McConkey BJ, Glick BR (2014) New insights into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase phylogeny, evolution and ecological significance. PLoS ONE 9(6):e99168. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099168
Naseem H, Ahsan M, Shahid MA, Khan N (2018) Exopolysaccharides producing rhizobacteria and their role in plant growth and drought tolerance. J Basic Microbiol 58(12):1009–1022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201800309
Ndamukong I, Abdallat AA, Thurow C, Fode B, Zander M, Weigel R (2007) SA-inducible Arabidopsis glutaredoxin interacts with TGA factors and suppresses JA-responsive PDF12 transcription. Plant J 50:128–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03039.x
Nithyapriya S, Lalitha S, Sayyed R, Reddy M, Dailin DJ, El Enshasy HA (2021) Production, purification, and characterization of bacillibactin siderophore of Bacillus subtilis and its application for improvement in plant growth and oil content in sesame. Sustainability 13:5394. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105394
Ortiz-García P, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Onejeme FC, Müller M, Pollmann S (2023) Do opposites attract? Auxin-abscisic acid crosstalk: new perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 24(4):3090. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043090
Pajerowska-Mukhtar KM, Emerine DK, Mukhtar MS (2013) Tell me more: roles of NPRs in plant immunity. Trends Plant Sci 18:402–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.04.004
Park YG, Mun BG, Kang SM, Hussain A, Shahzad R, Seo CW (2017) Bacillus aryabhattai SRB02 tolerates oxidative and nitrosative stress and promotes the growth of soybean by modulating the production of phytohormones. PLoS ONE 12:e0173203. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173203
Pieterse CM, Leon-Reyes A, Van der Ent S, Van Wees SC (2009) Networking by small-molecule hormones in plant immunity. Nat Chem Biol 5:308. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.164
Pieterse CM, Van der Does D, Zamioudis C, Leon-Reyes A, Van Wees SC (2012) Hormonal modulation of plant immunity. Ann Rev Cell Dev Biol 28:521. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154055
Proietti S, Bertini L, Timperio AM, Zolla L, Caporale C, Caruso C (2013) Crosstalk between salicylic acid and jasmonate in Arabidopsis investigated by an integrated proteomic and transcriptomic approach. Mol BioSys 9:1169–1187. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3MB25569G
Rao YR, Ansari MW, Sahoo RK, Wattal RK, Tuteja N, Kumar VR (2021) Salicylic acid modulates ACS, NHX1, sos1 and HKT1; 2 expressions to regulate ethylene overproduction and Na+ ions toxicity that leads to improved physiological status and enhanced salinity stress tolerance in tomato plants cv. Pusa Ruby. Plant Signal Behav 16:1950888. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2021.1950888
Rasheed F, Anjum NA, Masood A, Sofo A, Khan NA (2020) The key roles of salicylic acid and sulfur in plant salinity stress tolerance. J Plant Growth Regul. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10257-3
Raza A, Charagh S, Zahid Z, Mubarik MS, Javed R, Siddiqui MH, Hasanuzzaman M (2020) Jasmonic acid: a key frontier in conferring abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Plant Cell Rep. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02614-z
Rodriguez MC, Petersen M, Mundy J (2010) Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:621–649. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112252
Rojas-Tapias DF, Bonilla R, Dussán J (2014) Effect of inoculation and co-inoculation of Acinetobacter sp. RG30 and Pseudomonas putida GN04 on growth, fitness, and copper accumulation of maize (Zea mays). Water Air Soil Pollut 225:1–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2232-2
Rostami S, Azhdarpoor A (2019) The application of plant growth regulators to improve phytoremediation of contaminated soils: a review. Chemosphere 220:818–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.203
Safari F, Akramian M, Salehi-Arjmand H, Khadivi A (2019) Physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying salicylic acid-mitigated mercury toxicity in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 183:109542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109542
Safari M, Mousavi-Fard S, Nejad AR, Sorkheh K, Sofo A (2021) Exogenous salicylic acid positively affects morpho-physiological and molecular responses of Impatiens walleriana plants grown under drought stress. Int J Environ Sci Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-03092-2
Saha M, Sarkar S, Sarkar B, Sharma BK, Bhattacharjee S, Tribedi P (2016) Microbial siderophores and their potential applications: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23:3984–3999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4294-0
Salehi-Lisar SY, Bakhshayeshan-Agdam H (2016) Drought stress in plants: Causes, consequences, and tolerance. In: Drought stress tolerance in plants, vol 1. Springer: Berlin, pp 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28899-4_1
Salem KF, Saleh MM, Abu-Ellail FF, Aldahak L, Alkuddsi YA (2021) The role of salicylic acid in crops to tolerate abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid-A versatile. Plant Growth Regul. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79229-9_7
Santoyo G (2019) Plant growth promotion by ACC deaminase-producing bacilli under salt stress conditions. In: Islam M, Rahman M, Pandey P, Boehme M, Haesaert G (eds) Bacilli and agrobiotechnology: phytostimulation and biocontrol. Bacilli in climate resilient agriculture and bioprospecting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15175-1_5
Saxena R, Kumar M, Jyoti A, Tomar RS (2019) Untapped potential of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and PGPRs to develop abiotic stress resilience in crop plants. Curr Trends Biotechnol Pharm 13(4):376–390
Sayyari M, Babalar M, Kalantari S, Martínez-Romeroa D, Guilléna F, Serranob M, Valeroa D (2010) Vapour treatments with methyl salicylate or methyl jasmonate alleviated chilling injury and enhanced antioxidant potential during postharvest storage of pomegranates. Food Chem 124:964–970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.036
Schulz P, Herde M, Romeis T (2013) Calcium-dependent protein kinases: hubs in plant stress signaling and development. Plant Physiol 163:523–530. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.222539
Seo JS, Joo J, Kim MJ, Kim YK, Nahm BH, Song SI, Cheong JJ, Lee JS, Kim JK, Choi Y (2011) Do OsbHLH148, a basic helix-loop-helix protein, interacts with OsJAZ proteins in a jasmonate signaling pathway leading to drought tolerance in rice. Plant J 65:907–921. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04477.x
Shabbir R, Singhal RK, Mishra UN, Chauhan J, Javed T, Hussain S, Kumar S, Anuragi H, Lal D, Chen P (2022) Combined abiotic stresses: challenges and potential for crop improvement. Agronomy 12(11):2795. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112795
Shahid M, Singh UB, Khan MS, Singh P, Kumar R, Singh RN, Kumar A, Singh HV (2023) Bacterial ACC deaminase: Insights into enzymology, biochemistry, genetics, and potential role in amelioration of environmental stress in crop plants. Front Microbiol 14:1132770. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1132770
Shahwar D, Mushtaq Z, Mushtaq H, Alqarawi AA, Park Y, Alshahrani TS, Faizan S (2023) Role of microbial inoculants as bio fertilizers for improving crop productivity: a review. Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16134
Shahzad R, Khan AL, Bilal S, Waqas M, Kang SM, Lee IJ (2017) Inoculation of abscisic acid-producing endophytic bacteria enhances salinity stress tolerance in Oryza sativa. Environ Exp Bot 136:68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.01.010
Sharma A, Kumar V, Yuan H, Kanwar MK, Bhardwaj R, Thukral AK, Zheng B (2018) Jasmonic acid seed treatment stimulates insecticide detoxification in Brassica juncea L. Front Plant Sci 2(9):1609. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01609
Shakirova FM, Allagulova CR, Maslennikova DR, Klyuchnikova EO, Avalbaev AM, Bezrukova MV (2016) Salicylic acid-induced protection against cadmium toxicity in wheat plants. Environ Exp Bot 122:19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2015.08.002
Shen X, Hu H, Peng H, Wang W, Zhang X (2013) Comparative genomic analysis of four representative plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Pseudomonas. BMC Genomics 14:271. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-271
Shi J, Xie D, Qi D, Peng Q, Chen Z, Schreiner M, Lin Z, Baldermann S (2019) Methyl jasmonate-induced changes of flavor profiles during the processing of green, oolong, and black tea. Front Plant Sci 10:781. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00781
Siddiqui MH, Mukherjee S, Alamri S, Ali HM, Hasan Z, Kalaji HM (2022) Calcium and jasmonic acid exhibit synergistic effects in mitigating arsenic stress in tomato seedlings accompanied by antioxidative defense, increased nutrient accumulation and upregulation of glyoxalase system. S Afr J Bot 150:14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.06.030
Simarmata T, Setiawati MR, Fitriatin BN, Herdiyantoro D (2020) Rhizomicrobiome for sustainable crop growth and health management. Plant Microbiome Sustain Agric. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119505457
Singh N, Marwa N, Mishra SK, Mishra J, Verma PC, Rathaur S (2016) Brevundimonas diminuta mediated alleviation of arsenic toxicity and plant growth promotion in Oryza sativa L. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 125:25–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.11.020
Singh A, Yadav VK, Chundawat RS, Soltane R, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA, Yadav KK, Vicas SI (2023) Enhancing plant growth promoting rhizobacterial activities through consortium exposure: a review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 11:1099999. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1099999
Sirhindi G, Mir MA, Abd-Allah EF, Ahmad P, Gucel S (2016) Jasmonic acid modulates the physio-biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression in Glycine max under nickel toxicity. Front Plant Sci 7:591. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00591
Sohag AA, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Brestic M, Afrin S, Sakil MA, Hossain MT, Hossain MA, Hossain MA (2020) Exogenous salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide attenuate drought stress in rice. Plant Soil Environ 66:7–13. https://doi.org/10.17221/472/2019-PSE
Spoel SH, Dong X (2008) Making sense of hormone crosstalk during plant immune responses. Cell Host Microbe 3:348–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.009
Spoel SH, Koornneef A, Claessens SM, Korzelius JP, Van Pelt JA, Mueller MJ, Buchala AJ, Métraux JP, Brown R, Kazan K, Van Loon LC (2003) NPR1 modulates cross-talk between salicylate-and jasmonate-dependent defense pathways through a novel function in the cytosol. Plant Cell 15:760–770. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.009159
Sumalan RL, Nescu V, Berbecea A, Sumalan RM, Crisan M, Negrea P, Ciulca S (2023) The impact of heavy metal accumulation on some physiological parameters in Silphium perfoliatum L. Plants Grown Hydroponic Syst Plants 12(8):1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081718
Swain R, Sahoo S, Behera M, Rout GR (2023) Instigating prevalent abiotic stress resilience in crop by exogenous application of phytohormones and nutrient. Front Plant Sci 14:1104874. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1104874
Taheri Z, Vatankhah E, Jafarian V (2020) Methyl jasmonate improves physiological and biochemical responses of Anchusa italica under salinity stress. South African J Bot 130:375–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2020.01.026
Tamaoki D, Seo S, Yamada S, Kano A, Miyamoto A, Shishido H, Miyoshi S, Taniguchi S, Akimitsu K, Gomi K (2013) Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid activate a common defense system in rice. Plant Signal Behav 6:e24260. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.24260Epub2013Mar21
Tanveer S, Akhtar N, Ilyas N, Sayyed RZ, Fitriatin BN, Perveen K, Bukhari NA (2023) Interactive effects of Pseudomonas putida and salicylic acid for mitigating drought tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14193
Tardieu F, Tuberosa R (2010) Dissection and modelling of abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol 13:206–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2009.12.012
Timmusk S, Paalme V, Pavlicek T, Bergquist J, Vangala A, Danilas T, Nevo E (2011) Bacterial distribution in the rhizosphere of wild barley under contrasting mi croclimates. PLoS ONE 6(3):e17968. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017968
Timofeeva AM, Galyamova MR, Sedykh SE (2022) Bacterial siderophores: classification, biosynthesis. Perspect Use Agric Plants 22:3065. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11223065
Tjamos SE, Flemetakis E, Paplomatas EJ, Katinakis P (2005) Induction of resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Arabidopsis thaliana by the biocontrol agent K-165 and pathogenesis-related proteins gene expression. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 18:555–561. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-18-0555
Tuteja N, Gill SS (2013) Salicylic acid: a novel plant growth regulator-role in physiological processes and abiotic stresses under changing environments. In: Climate change and plant abiotic stress tolerance. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 939–990. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527675265.ch36
Van der Does D, Leon-Reyes A, Koornneef A, Van Verk MC, Rodenburg N, Pauwels L, Goossens A, Körbes AP, Memelink J, Ritsema T, Van Wees SC (2013) Salicylic acid suppresses jasmonic acid signaling downstream of SCFCOI1-JAZ by targeting GCC promoter motifs via transcription factor ORA59. Plant Cell 25:744–761. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.108548
Verhage A, van Wees SC, Pieterse CM (2010) Plant immunity: it’s the hormones talking, but what do they say? Plant Physiol 154(2):536–540. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.161570
Vessey JK (2003) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil 255:571–586. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026037216893
Vocciante M, Grifoni M, Fusini D, Petruzzelli G, Franchi E (2022) The Role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in mitigating plant’s environmental stresses. Appl Sci 3:1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031231
Waheed A, Haxim Y, Kahar G, Islam W, Ullah A, Khan KA, Zhang D (2022) Jasmonic acid boosts physio-biochemical activities in Grewia asiatica L. under drought stress. Plants 11:2480. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192480
Wan D, Li R, Zou B, Zhang X, Cong J, Wang R et al (2012) Calmodulin-binding protein CBP60g is a positive regulator of both disease resistance and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Rep 31:1269–1281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-012-1247-7
Wang D, Amornsiripanitch N, Dong X (2006) A genomic approach to identify regulatory nodes in the transcriptional network of systemic acquired resistance in plants. PLoS Pathog 2:e123. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0020123
Wang L, Tsuda K, Sato M, Cohen JD, Katagiri F, Glazebrook J (2009) Arabidopsis CaM binding protein CBP60g contributes to MAMP-induced SA accumulation and is involved in disease resistance against Pseudomonas syringae. PLoS Pathog 5:e1000301. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000301
Wang W, Wu Z, He Y, Huang Y, Li X, Ye BC (2018) Plant growth promotion and alleviation of salinity stress in Capsicum annuum L. by Bacillus isolated from saline soil in Xinjiang. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 164:520–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.070
Wang X, Li Q, Xie J, Huang M, Cai J, Zhou Q, Dai T, Jiang D (2021) Abscisic acid and jasmonic acid are involved in drought priming-induced tolerance to drought in wheat. Crop J 9:120–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2020.06.002
Wang L, Liu S, Gao M, Wang L, Wang L, Wang Y, Dai L, Zhao J, Liu M, Liu Z (2022) The crosstalk of the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathways contributed to different resistance to phytoplasma infection between the two genotypes in Chinese jujube. Front Microbiol 13:800762. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.800762
Wu Y, Zhang D, Chu JY, Boyle P, Wang Y, Brindle ID (2012) The Arabidopsis NPR1 protein is a receptor for the plant defense hormone salicylic acid. Cell Rep 1:639–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2012.05.008
Wu H, Ye H, Yao R, Zhang T, Xiong L (2015) OsJAZ9 acts as a transcriptional regulator in jasmonate signaling and modulates salt stress tolerance in rice. Plant Sci 232:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.010
Wu WY, Lo MH, Wada Y, Famiglietti JS, Reager JT, Yeh PJ, Ducharne A, Yang ZL (2020) Divergent effects of climate change on future groundwater availability in key mid-latitude aquifers. Nat Commun 1:3710. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17581-y
Xing Q, Liao J, Cao S, Li M, Lv T, Qi H (2020) CmLOX10 positively regulates drought tolerance through jasmonic acid-mediated stomatal closure in oriental melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino). Sci Rep 10:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74550-7
Xiong B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ma M, Gao Y, Zhou Z, Wang B, Wang T, Lv X, Wang X, Wang J (2020) Alleviation of drought stress and the physiological mechanisms in Citrus cultivar (Huangguogan) treated with methyl jasmonate. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 84(1958):65. https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2020.1771676
Yadav V, Arif N, Kováč J, Singh VP, Tripathi DK, Chauhan DK, Vaculík M (2021) Structural modifications of plant organs and tissues by metals and metalloids in the environment: a review. Plant Physiol Biochem 159:100–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.047
Yan Y, Pan C, Du Y, Li D, Liu W (2018) Exogenous salicylic acid regulates reactive oxygen species metabolism and ascorbate–glutathione cycle in Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. under salinity stress. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 24:577–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0540-5
Yang YX, J Ahammed G, Wu C, Fan SY, Zhou YH (2015) Crosstalk among jasmonate, salicylate and ethylene signaling pathways in plant disease and immune responses. Curr Protein Peptide Sci 16(5):450–61.
Yang J, Duan G, Li C, Liu L, Han G, Zhang Y, Wang C (2019) The crosstalks between jasmonic acid and other plant hormone signaling highlight the involvement of jasmonic acid as a core component in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Front plant sci 10:1349. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01349
Yin Y, Adachi Y, Nakamura Y, Munemasa S, Mori IC, Murata Y (2016) Involvement of OST1 protein kinase and PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors in methyl jasmonate-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis guard cells. Plant Cell Physiol 57:1779–1790. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcw102
Yosefi A, Mozafari AA, Javadi T (2020) Jasmonic acid improved in vitro strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) resistance to PEG-induced water stress. PCTOC 142:549–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01880-9
You J, Zhang Y, Liu A, Li D, Wang X, Dossa K, Zhou R, Yu J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhang X (2019) Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of drought-tolerant and susceptible sesame genotypes in response to drought stress. BMC Plant Biol 1:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1880-1
Yu X, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Lang D, Zhang X (2018) The roles of methyl jasmonate to stress in plants. Funct Plant Biol 46:197–212. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP18106
Yuan Y, Zhong S, Li Q, Zhu Z, Lou Y, Wang L (2007) Functional analysis of rice NPR1-like genes reveals that OsNPR1/NH1 is the rice orthologue conferring disease resistance with enhanced herbivore susceptibility. Plant Biotechnol J 5:313–324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00243.x
Yue L, Uwaremwe C, Tian Y, Liu Y, Zhao X, Zhou Q (2022) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens rescues glycyrrhizic acid loss under drought stress in Glycyrrhiza uralensis by activating the jasmonic acid pathway. Front Microbiol 12:798525. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.798525
Zainab N, Din BU, Javed MT, Afridi MS, Mukhtar T, Kamran MA, Khan AA, Ali J, Jatoi WN, Munis MF, Chaudhary HJ (2020) Deciphering metal toxicity responses of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) with exopolysaccharide and ACC-deaminase producing bacteria in industrially contaminated soils. Plant Physiol Biochem 152:90–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.039
Zandalinas SI, Fritschi FB, Mittler R (2021) Global warming, climate change, and environmental pollution: recipe for a multifactorial stress combination disaster. Trends Plant Sci 26(6):588–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2021.02.011
Zhang PJ, Huang F, Zhang JM, Wei JN, Lu YB (2015) The mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis suppresses plant defense responses by manipulating JA-SA crosstalk. Sci Rep 5:9354. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09354
Zhao C, Zhang H, Song C, Zhu JK, Shabala S (2020) Mechanisms of plant responses and adaptation to soil salinity. The Innovation 1:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100017
Zheng XY, Spivey NW, Zeng W, Liu PP, Fu ZQ, Klessig DF, He SY, Dong X (2012) Coronatine promotes Pseudomonas syringae virulence in plants by activating a signaling cascade that inhibits salicylic acid accumulation. Cell Host Microbe 11:587–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2012.04.014
Zheng W, Zeng S, LaManna J, Bais H, Jacobson D, Jin Y (2018) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) reduce evaporation and increase soil water retention. Water Resour Res 54:3673–3687. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR022656
Zheng Y, Wang X, Cui X, Wang K, Wang Y, He Y (2023) Phytohormones regulate the abiotic stress: an overview of physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses in horticultural crops. Front Plant Sci 13:1095363. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1095363
Zhu Z, An F, Feng Y, Li P, Xue L, Jiang Z, Kim JM, To TK, Li W, Zhang X, Yu Q (2016) Derepression of ethylene-stabilized transcription factors (EIN3/EIL1) mediates jasmonate and ethylene signaling synergy in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:12539–12544. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1103959108
Acknowledgements
Work on plant abiotic stress tolerance in NT and SSG laboratory was partially supported by University Grants Commission (UGC), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Govt. of India. SSG, RG also acknowledge partial support from DBT-BUILDER grant (No. BT/INF/22/SP43043/2021). We sincerely apologise to our contemporaries whose work could not be discussed in this article due to space restrictions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
MWA, PY, RG, and SSG had the idea for the article, PY, AN, and GK carried out the literature search, PY and AN wrote the manuscript, DB, Y, VR, NA, NT, MWA, RG and SSG critically revised the manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Handling Author: M.Iqbal R. Khan.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Yadav, P., Nehra, A., Kalwan, G. et al. Harnessing Jasmonate, Salicylate, and Microbe Synergy for Abiotic Stress Resilience in Crop Plants. J Plant Growth Regul (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11218-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11218-2