Abstract
2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a promising commodity chemical with various industrial applications. While petroleum-based chemical processes currently dominate the industrial production of 2,3-BDO, fermentation-based production of 2,3-BDO provides an attractive alternative to chemical-based processes with regards to economic and environmental sustainability. The achievement of high 2,3-BDO titer, yield, and productivity in microbial fermentation is a prerequisite for the production of 2,3-BDO at large scales. Also, enantiopure production of 2,3-BDO production is desirable because 2,3-BDO stereoisomers have unique physicochemical properties. Pursuant to these goals, many metabolic engineering strategies to improve 2,3-BDO production from inexpensive sugars by Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacillus species, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been developed. This review summarizes the recent advances in metabolic engineering of non-pathogenic microorganisms to enable efficient and enantiopure production of 2,3-BDO.
Key points
• K. oxytoca, Bacillus species, and S. cerevisiae have been engineered to achieve efficient 2,3-BDO production.
• Metabolic engineering of non-pathogenic microorganisms enabled enantiopure production of 2,3-BDO.
• Cost-effective 2,3-BDO production can be feasible by using renewable biomass.
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Abbreviations
- 2,3-BDO:
-
2,3-butanediol
- BDH:
-
2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase
- ALS:
-
α-acetolactate synthase
- ALDC:
-
α-acetolactate decarboxylase
- DAR:
-
diacetyl reductase
- FBA:
-
flux balance analysis
- PFL:
-
pyruvate formate-lyase
- PDH:
-
pyruvate dehydrogenase
- FDH:
-
formate dehydrogenase
- Vc :
-
vitamin C
- ADH:
-
alcohol dehydrogenase
- Adh– :
-
ADH-deficient
- Pdc– :
-
PDC-deficient
- ALE:
-
adaptive laboratory evolution
- DHAP:
-
dihydroxyacetone phosphate
- G3P:
-
glycerol-3-phosphate
- PEPC:
-
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
- MDH:
-
malate dehydrogenase
- FH:
-
fumarase
- FRD:
-
fumarate reductase
- LDH:
-
lactate dehydrogenase
- ALD:
-
aldehyde dehydrogenase
- PTA:
-
phosphate acetyltransferase
- ACK:
-
acetate kinase
- AR:
-
aldose reductase
- TPI:
-
triose phosphate isomerase
- GPDH:
-
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- SSF:
-
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
- XR:
-
xylose reductase
- XDH:
-
xylitol dehydrogenase
- XK:
-
xylulose kinase
- TEA:
-
techno-economic assessment
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This work is supported by the DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under Award Number DE-SC0018420). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Energy.
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J.W.L reviewed the literature and wrote the manuscript. Y.-G.L and Y.-S.J. critically read, revised, and improved the manuscript. C.V.R. conceived the idea, reviewed, and supervised the study. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Lee, J.W., Lee, YG., Jin, YS. et al. Metabolic engineering of non-pathogenic microorganisms for 2,3-butanediol production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 105, 5751–5767 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11436-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11436-2