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Transcription Factor Mediated Plant Metabolite Production in Response to Environmental Stress Factors: Current Understanding and Future Aspects

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Metabolic Engineering in Plants

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Abstract

The current agriculture is facing a continuous challenge of reaching up to 70% increase in crop productivity by 2050. An alarming expansion of human population, global climate changes, increasing soil salinity, and freshwater scarcity put the sustainable food production in a serious question. The inanimate life of plants makes them surrounded by a myriad of diverse biotic and abiotic stress conditions, which are mostly unavoidable. During the course of evolution, plants have evolved a robust and complicated mechanism of growth and defense trade off when responding to stress conditions. Secondary metabolite compounds like terpenoids, flavonols, flavones, and stilbenes are considered as the stress-inducible phytochemicals play crucial role in the development of plant immunity. It is now well established that transcription factors enable plants to counteract unfavorable conditions via the modulation of secondary metabolite genes, and they are now considered as potential genomic candidates for their wide applications in crop breeding strategies. Defensive molecular switches involve transcription factors which act as mediators of stress signals and regulate stress-responsive gene expression. To counteract the stress factors, different transcription factor families including AP2/ERF, WRKY, bHLH, bZIP, MYB, and NAC regulate the secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes. Classical breeding approaches for the generation of stress-resilient crops seem to be time-consuming and often the outcome is less effective. Recent advancement in the applications related to promoter engineering for the metabolite biosynthesis found to be novel approach for improved crop yield. The transcriptional and posttranscriptional modulation of TFs can facilitate molecular breeding and genetic moderation of plants for the increased production of secondary metabolites. Moreover, the synthetic promoters and transcription factors have been immensely powerful and effective as components for the regulation of targeted plant transgene expression. In this present chapter, we have highlighted on the function of TFs and the recent advancement of promoter engineering in the generation of stress-tolerant plants in the context of enhanced metabolite production.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India (Ref. No. 38(1587)/16/EMR-II, dated: 17/05/2016 to SR), UGC, Govt. of India (Start-Up research grant No. F.30-158/2015 (BSR), SERB, DST, Govt. of India (Ref. No. ECR/2016/000539 to SR) and DST & BT, Govt. of WB (Ref. No: ST/P/S & T/1G-5/2018 to SR) for providing financial supports for performing research related to the topic discussed in this review. SB and PR are thankful to CSIR, Govt. of India and UGC, Govt. of India for the research fellowship. We apologize to those authors whose work could not be cited due to space limitation.

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  1. Department of Botany, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India

    Samrat Banerjee, Pinaki Roy & Sujit Roy

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  1. Samrat Banerjee
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  1. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Tariq Aftab

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

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Banerjee, S., Roy, P., Roy, S. (2022). Transcription Factor Mediated Plant Metabolite Production in Response to Environmental Stress Factors: Current Understanding and Future Aspects. In: Aftab, T., Hakeem, K.R. (eds) Metabolic Engineering in Plants. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7262-0_4

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