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Double Haploid Production and Its Applications in Crop Improvement

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Abstract

Haploid plants are those having gametophytic chromosome number while doubled haploids are haploids that are produced after chromosome duplication. The production of haploids and doubled haploids (DHs) through gametic tissues allows a single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents. DHs shorten the time required to produce homozygous plants in comparison with the conventional breeding which requires several generations of selfing. The production of haploids and DHs provides a particularly attractive biotechnological tool, and the development of haploidy technology and protocols to produce homozygous plants had a significant impact on agricultural systems. Nowadays, these biotechnologies represent an integral part of the breeding programs of many agronomically important crops. There are several available methods to obtain haploids and DHs, of which in vitro anther or isolated microspore culture is the most effective and widely used. This chapter throws the light on the current status of knowledge on the production of haploids and DHs through anther or pollen cultures.

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Abbreviations

DH:

Doubled haploid

MCS:

Multi-cellular structure

PCD:

Programmed cell death

PEG:

Poly-ethylene glycol

SAM:

Shoot apical meristem

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Acknowledgement

The authors Awadhesh Kumar Mishra (AKM) and Rajesh Saini (RS) wish to thank University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi for fellowship supports.

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  1. Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Awadhesh Kumar Mishra, Rajesh Saini & Kavindra Nath Tiwari

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Dinesh Kumar Srivastava

  2. Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India

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  3. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India

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Mishra, A.K., Saini, R., Tiwari, K.N. (2021). Double Haploid Production and Its Applications in Crop Improvement. In: Kumar Srivastava, D., Kumar Thakur, A., Kumar, P. (eds) Agricultural Biotechnology: Latest Research and Trends . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2339-4_4

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