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Biotechnological Approaches for Enhancing Stress Tolerance in Legumes

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Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 51

Part of the book series: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews ((SARV,volume 51))

Abstract

Legumes are the major sources of protein, dietary fibre, high-quality food & feed. In the world crop production, legumes occupy third place only after cereals and oilseeds. Leguminous crops are known to fix the atmospheric nitrogen for their growth through bacterial association and can be grown in low fertile soils. The requirement of synthetic nitrogenous fertilizers for leguminous crops is far lesser than the other crops, there by reduces the emission of greenhouse gases. Because of these qualities, legumes are considered as potential crops for sustainable agriculture. Due to continuous change in climatic conditions and modern agriculture systems, leguminous crops are frequently exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses. These stresses are considered as major constraints which mainly affects the physiology, metabolism and finally the cultivation and yield of leguminous crops. The yield losses in leguminous crops were accounted for 30–100% based on the magnitude and severity of biological and physical stresses. Hence, it’s required to improve productivities of leguminous plants to harness the potential nutritional values. Developing stress tolerant varieties is one of the strategies to overcome this. So far, traditional breeding approaches have been exploited to develop stress tolerant varieties, however, these are laborious and time consuming. The recent establishments of biotechnological tools in model leguminous crops such as Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicas, have helped in understanding the regulation and mechanism of action of stress related genes. In the current book chapter, we have discussed about the major biotic and abiotic stresses and the application of various biotechnological tools in developing stress tolerant leguminous plants for improved productivity.

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  1. Reliance Industries Ltd., Jamnagar, Gujarat, India

    P. S. Chandrashekharaiah, Vishal Paul, Shivbachan Kushwaha & Debanjan Sanyal

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    Santanu Dasgupta

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  1. Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Praveen Guleria

  2. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India

    Vineet Kumar

  3. CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France

    Eric Lichtfouse

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Chandrashekharaiah, P.S., Paul, V., Kushwaha, S., Sanyal, D., Dasgupta, S. (2021). Biotechnological Approaches for Enhancing Stress Tolerance in Legumes. In: Guleria, P., Kumar, V., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 51. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 51. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68828-8_9

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