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Species effects and seasonal trends on plant efflux quantity and quality in a spruce swamp forest

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Abstract

Aims

We aimed to compare seasonal exudate quality and quantity between Sphagnum moss, Eriophorum vaginatum (graminoid) and Vaccinium myrtillus (ericoid shrub).

Methods

Exudates were collected in May, July and September 2014 using a culture-based method and characterized by total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN) contents with exudation fluxes expressed on a root-mass basis. Organic acids, sugars and amino acids in the exudates were identified by ion exchange chromatography. C and N exudate fluxes, in situ exudation fluxes and exudate contribution to soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) were estimated. Differences in exudate biodegradability were assessed by 13C pulse labeling.

Results

E. vaginatum had the largest exudation fluxes, Sphagnum the lowest, and V. myrtillus intermediate, being the greatest in July. All species mostly exuded organic acids except Sphagnum in September when sugars (allose, xylose) and amino acids (cystine) dominated. Sphagnum exudates were more C-rich and less degradable than the vascular species exudates, which released both organic and inorganic N forms. E. vaginatum exudates were richer in amino acids and citrate especially in July. Exudates contributed up to 20% to soil DOM.

Conclusions

Plant species composition greatly affects exudate quantity, quality and timing. Plant exudates represent considerable contributions to soil DOM.

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Abbreviations

C:

Carbon

DOC:

Dissolved organic carbon

DOM:

Dissolved organic matter

DN:

Dissolved nitrogen

LMW:

Low molecular weight

N:

Nitrogen

TOC:

Total organic carbon

TN:

Total nitrogen

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Acknowledgements

Many people helped in collecting and processing the root exudates, especially Iveta Chomová, Iveta Fleischmannová, Jiří Mastný, Daniel Vaněk and Tomáš Hubáček. Their assistance was and is greatly appreciated. Many thanks also to the administration of the Šumava National Park, especially Ivana Bufková, for access to the study site. The study was supported through a grant from the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR 13-17398S) awarded to TP.

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  1. Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Keith R. Edwards, Eva Kaštovská, Jakub Borovec, Hana Šantrůčková & Tomáš Picek

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  2. Eva Kaštovská
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Edwards, K.R., Kaštovská, E., Borovec, J. et al. Species effects and seasonal trends on plant efflux quantity and quality in a spruce swamp forest. Plant Soil 426, 179–196 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3610-0

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