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Soil-Plant and Microbial Interaction in Improving Salt Stress

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Salt Stress, Microbes, and Plant Interactions: Causes and Solution

Abstract

Soils are complex mixtures of minerals, water, organic matter, and countless organisms that are the decaying remains of living beings and together support life. Along with compounds such as amino and organic acid, some fascinating natural and synthetic metabolites are common moieties found in soil. One of the major and dominant concerns for the development and maintenance of the agriculture system world is saline soil, as salt-affected area becomes unproductive and hence worthless for the agro-industries. Salinity is lowering the yield of the crop by discouraging the overall metabolism of the plants. To overcome this problem and to provide sustenance to plant vigor and soil health, vital constituent of soil microbiota-specific plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizae plays the crucial role. Besides eliciting plant defense reactions against various soilborne pathogens, the PGPRs have also the aptitude to produce phytohormone, enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase deaminase, solubilize and bind nutrients, and, therefore, assist plants to acclimatize with various environmental stresses. Osmotic stress and noxious ion produced due to salinity induce the unacceptable plant development and reduce soil microbial activity. The microbes have the potential to produce osmolytes, which may neutralize the severe effects of osmotic stress and help plants to regain cell turgor and metabolism. The collaboration of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment provides an auspicious ambiance for the expansion of beneficial microbes which in return amplify plant growth in disturbed agroecosystem. For managing disrupted agricultural land due to the climate change resilience, efficacious approach among others is taking advantage of the plant-microbe guild having accordant microbial agents with the agricultural land use pattern. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the soil, plant, and microbial interactions in improving the salt stress conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Hera Nadeem & Faheem Ahmad

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  1. Hera Nadeem
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  1. Department of Botany, Gandhi Faiz-e-Aam College, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Mohd Sayeed Akhtar

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Nadeem, H., Ahmad, F. (2019). Soil-Plant and Microbial Interaction in Improving Salt Stress. In: Akhtar, M. (eds) Salt Stress, Microbes, and Plant Interactions: Causes and Solution. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8801-9_10

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