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Biotechnological Approaches to Combat Phytophagous Arthropods

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Arthropod-Plant Interactions

Part of the book series: Progress in Biological Control ((PIBC,volume 14))

Abstract

New biotechnological approaches, based on the use of defence genes and the beneficial effects of the novel technology systems in terms of sustained agriculture are being explored to be integrated in pest resistance management. The development of insect-resistant crops have drastically increased since the commercial release of the first Bt-plant generation expressing a single Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin, 15 years ago (James 2010). These modified crops, successfully applied for agricultural use, triggered an important reduction of pesticide usage. However, pest resistance is still discussed (Carriere et al. 2010) and some phytophagous arthropods, particularly aphids and mites are moderate or insensitive to toxins encoded by Bt genes (Lawo et al. 2009; Li and Romeis 2010). Therefore, a great effort to search for alternative strategies of protecting crops from pest has been made. The development of plant genetic transformation has provided tools for transferring multiple pest resistance traits into agronomic important crop plants (Hilder and Boulter 1999; Christou et al. 2006; Ferry et al. 2006; Gatehouse 2008). This technology has been mainly focussed on the use of plant-derived genes with insecticidal and/or acaricidal properties and molecules or toxins from multiple sources that when expressed in a variety of plants resulted in enhanced resistance towards a wide spectrum of pests in laboratory assays. Currently, new molecular strategies for sustainable pest resistance in genetically enhanced crops are being provided from the understanding of endogenous resistant mechanisms developed by the plants as a result of the plant-herbivore interaction.

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Acknowledgements

We thank to Dr. Gonzalez-Melendi for critically reading the manuscript. Financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (project BFU2008-01166) and from the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid/Comunidad de Madrid (project CCG10-UPM/AGR-5,242) are gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Campus Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Autovía M40 (km 38), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain

    Isabel Diaz & M. Estrella Santamaria

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  1. Isabel Diaz
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  2. M. Estrella Santamaria
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Correspondence to Isabel Diaz .

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  1. Faculty Bioscience Engineering, Crop Protection, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium

    Guy Smagghe

  2. Centr de Biotecn. y Genómica de plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Autovía M40 (km 38), Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain

    Isabel Diaz

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Diaz, I., Santamaria, M.E. (2012). Biotechnological Approaches to Combat Phytophagous Arthropods. In: Smagghe, G., Diaz, I. (eds) Arthropod-Plant Interactions. Progress in Biological Control, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3873-7_6

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